{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:05:31Z","timestamp":1791867931217,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DLGNT is a rare tumor, commonly diagnosed in pediatric age; in most cases, the pathology presents a slow and indolent evolution. We present a case report of a young adult affected by DLGNT characterized by aggressive and atypical behavior.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n                    <jats:title>Case Description:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 21-year-old male presented with mild paraparesis and hypoesthesia with a D2 level. MRI scan of the brain and spine showed a dorsal intramedullary lesion; a diffuse craniospinal leptomeningeal thickening was also present. After a week, the neurological status deteriorated rapidly with paraparesis worsening and onset of acute hydrocephalus. The patient underwent external ventricular drain positioning; a C7-D4 laminectomy was subsequently performed with partial tumor resection. Histological examination revealed a DLGNT with aggressive aspects (Ki67 30%). Postoperatively, the patient showed an immediate mild worsening of the lower limbs deficit. After a few days, severe further neurological deterioration occurred with progressive motor deficit to the upper limbs and ultimately respiratory failure. Mechanical ventilation was necessary and the patient was transferred to the ICU; during the following weeks, he developed tetraplegia and underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt positioning. By the time, the histological diagnosis was available, the clinical status would not allow radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The patient deceased approximately 90 days after hospitalization due to respiratory complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DLGNT is a rare tumor; diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and confirmation with biopsy. Although most cases have an indolent course, some patients may have aggressive forms. High proliferation index, hydrocephalus occurrence, and massive craniospinal leptomeningeal spread appear to be associated with worse prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_1255_2021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T08:45:26Z","timestamp":1653036326000},"page":"214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Atypical and aggressive diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor in a young adult: A case report and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Domenico","family":"Policicchio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Boccaletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo Salvatore","family":"Cuccu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gina","family":"Casu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giosu\u00e8","family":"Dipellegrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artan","family":"Doda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giampiero","family":"Muggianu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo Veneziani","family":"Santonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1255_2021\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1080\/08880018.2019.1711270","article-title":"Primary diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumors of the central nervous system: Report of three cases and review of literature","volume":"37","author":"Abongwa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1255_2021\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073811426500","article-title":"An unusual form of superficially disseminated glioma in children: report of 3 cases","volume":"27","author":"Agamanolis","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1255_2021\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-017-3584-x","article-title":"Clinical responses of patients with diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumors to chemotherapy","volume":"34","author":"Aguilera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1255_2021\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-020-00978-7","article-title":"Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor: A double misnomer? 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