{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T09:56:10Z","timestamp":1774605370544,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) prevalence is rising globally; however, the implications for mortality remain underexplored. This study evaluates regional PD mortality trends over the past decade.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Age-standardized PD mortality rates from 2011 to 2021 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database for all six World Health Organization regions. Relative changes over time were calculated to assess trends.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Mortality trends varied across regions. The Eastern Mediterranean region had the highest mortality in both 2011 (5.48\/100,000) and 2021 (5.38\/100,000). The Western Pacific Region saw the greatest decline (\u22125.67%), while the African Region showed minimal improvement (\u22120.82%). Two regions, the Americas and South-East Asia, experienced net increases.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n PD mortality improvements are heterogeneous globally, which may reflect differences in access to diagnosis and treatment of PD and comorbidities. Targeted, region-specific strategies should be considered to reduce mortality disparities.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_1421_2025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T09:11:45Z","timestamp":1774602705000},"page":"184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mortality rates in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease database"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jacob","family":"Gould","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Post-Baccalaureate Studies, Kreiger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saarang","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange Village, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bipin","family":"Chaurasia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1421_2025\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2014.08.048","article-title":"Under-reporting of Parkinson\u2019s disease on death certificates: A population-based study (NEDICES)","volume":"347","author":"Benito-Le\u00f3n","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1421_2025\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-022-09540-9","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation in Parkinson disease: A meta-analysis of the long-term neuropsychological outcomes","volume":"33","author":"Bucur","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuropsychol Rev"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1421_2025\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30295-3","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of Parkinson\u2019s disease 1990-2016: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016","volume":"17","author":"GBD 2016 Parkinson\u2019s Disease Collaborators","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1421_2025\/ref-4","article-title":"Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","author":"Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network","year":"2023","journal-title":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1421_2025\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e10","article-title":"Mortality of deep brain stimulation and risk factors in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease: A national cohort study in korea","volume":"38","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1421_2025\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776847","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.776847","article-title":"Global trends in the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability of Parkinson\u2019s disease in 204 countries\/territories from 1990 to 2019","volume":"9","author":"Ou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1421_2025\/ref-7","first-page":"S176","article-title":"Improving outcomes through early diagnosis of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"18","author":"Pagan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1421_2025\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-025-04191-8","article-title":"Global, regional and national burden of Parkinson\u2019s disease in people over 55 years of age: A systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 1991-2021","volume":"25","author":"Peng","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1421_2025\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2014.01.004","article-title":"Ageing and Parkinson\u2019s disease: Why is advancing age the biggest risk factor","volume":"14","author":"Reeve","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1421_2025\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.1783","article-title":"Six action steps to address global disparities in Parkinson disease: A World Health Organization priority","volume":"79","author":"Schiess","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1421_2025\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13015","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation impact on social and occupational functioning in Parkinson\u2019s disease with early motor complications","volume":"7","author":"Stoker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"}],"container-title":["Surgical Neurology 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