{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T11:01:50Z","timestamp":1774436510286,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\nBackground: <\/jats:title>\nBrainstem cavernomas (BSCs) are relatively rare intracranial vascular lesions that, if left untreated, can be devastating to the patient. The lesions are associated with a myriad of symptoms, depending on their size and location. However, medullary lesions present acutely with cardiorespiratory dysfunction. We present the case of a 5-month-old child with a BSC.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nCase Description: <\/jats:title>\nA 5-month-old child presented for the 2nd<\/jats:sup> time with sudden respiratory distress and excessive salivation. On the first presentation, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a 13 \u00d7 12 \u00d7 14 mm cavernoma at the pontomedullary junction. She was managed conservatively but presented 3 months later with tetraparesis, bulbar palsy, and severe respiratory distress. A repeat MRI showed enlargement of the cavernoma to 27 \u00d7 28 \u00d7 26 mm with hemorrhage in different stages. After hemodynamic stabilization, complete cavernoma resection was performed through the telovelar approach with neuromonitoring. Postoperatively, the child recovered motor function, but the bulbar syndrome persisted with hypersalivation. She was discharged on day 55 with a tracheostomy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nConclusion: <\/jats:title>\nBSCs are rare lesions that are associated with severe neurological deficits due to the compactness of important cranial nerve nuclei and other tracts in the brainstem. Early surgical excision and hematoma evacuation for superficially presenting lesions can be lifesaving. However, the risk of postoperative neurological deficits is still a major concern in these patients.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_308_2023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T09:29:14Z","timestamp":1688117354000},"page":"227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A rare case of rebleeding brainstem cavernoma in a 5-month-old-girl"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Dimitri T. K.","family":"Ndandja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Diseases and Neurosurgery, Peoples\u2019 Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerald","family":"Musa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Diseases and Neurosurgery, Peoples\u2019 Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilya","family":"Nosov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Morozov Children\u2019s City Clinical Hospital, Center for the Treatment of Cerebrovascular Pathology in Children and Adolescents, Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gennady E.","family":"Chmutin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Diseases and Neurosurgery, Peoples\u2019 Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matvey I.","family":"Livshitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Morozov Children\u2019s City Clinical Hospital, Center for the Treatment of Cerebrovascular Pathology in Children and Adolescents, Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nazar S.","family":"Annanepesov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Diseases and Neurosurgery, Peoples\u2019 Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bupe Mumba","family":"Mwela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian 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