{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:48:35Z","timestamp":1790419715308,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Arachnoiditis refers to chronic inflammation of the arachnoid mater and subarachnoid space due to three major etiologies: chemical, mechanical, and postinfectious. As a rare disease with variable symptomatology and severity at presentation, arachnoiditis can be extremely debilitating with many complications, prominent among which is syringomyelia.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Methods: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We reviewed current literature concerning postinfectious spinal arachnoiditis and associated syringomyelia with emphasis on the treatment options that have been used to date and discuss their respective benefits and drawbacks.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Results: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>It is critical to understand the natural history and potential complications of patient with postinfectious arachnoiditis. Surgical and medical treatments both have their own merits and demerits. Different surgical approaches have been employed with variable success rates.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>At present, no consensus exists regarding management of these patients due to the variable nature of the disease that affects treatment efficacy; however, surgical intervention in selected cases may be beneficial.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_383_2022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]],"date-time":"2022-07-15T10:38:33Z","timestamp":1657881513000},"page":"299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Spinal arachnoiditis and syringomyelia: Review of literature with emphasis on postinfectious inflammation and treatment"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Syed Faisal","family":"Nadeem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmer Nasir","family":"Baig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qurat ul Ain","family":"Tariq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Shahzad","family":"Shamim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_383_2022\/ref-1","first-page":"239","article-title":"Arachnoiditis and tuberculous cortical encephalitis in an HIV+ patient","volume":"145","author":"Alatorre-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gaceta Medica Mexico"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_383_2022\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.16.16704","article-title":"Imaging appearance of advanced chronic adhesive arachnoiditis: A retrospective review","volume":"209","author":"Anderson","year":"2017","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_383_2022\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.2.106","article-title":"Syringomyelia and arachnoiditis","volume":"53","author":"Caplan","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_383_2022\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.106011","article-title":"Coccidioidal meningitis in non-AIDS patients. 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