{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,8]],"date-time":"2024-09-08T00:38:02Z","timestamp":1725755882856},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\nBackground: <\/jats:title>\nGunshot wound (GSW) injuries to the spinal column are correlated with potentially severe neurological damage. Here, we describe a GSW to the thoracolumbar junction (e.g., T12\/L1 level) which resulted in a cauda equina syndrome that resolved once the bullet was removed.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nCase Description: <\/jats:title>\nA 29-year-old male presented with a T12-L1 GSW; the bullet traversed the right chest and liver, entered the spinal canal at T12, and then settled at L1. He experienced excruciating burning pain in the right lower extremity\/perineum and had urinary retention. On neurological examination, he exhibited severe weakness of the right iliopsoas\/quadriceps (2\/5) and extensor hallucis longus (1\/5) which had decreased sensation in the right lower extremity in all dermatomes and urinary retention. The myelogram showed the bullet lodged intrathecally at L1; it compressed the cauda equina. Immediately after, the bullet was extracted and at 8 weeks follow-up, the patient\u2019s right-sided motor function normalized, the sensory findings improved, and the sphincteric dysfunction resolved; the only residual deficit was minimal residual numbness in the L2-L5 distributions.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nConclusion: <\/jats:title>\nTwenty percent of penetrating spinal column injuries are attributed to GSW s. The location of these injuries best determines the neurological damage and degree of recovery. Since patients with incomplete cauda equina syndromes have favorable prognoses, removal of bullets involving the T12-S1 levels may prove beneficial.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_400_2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]],"date-time":"2020-07-25T05:46:51Z","timestamp":1595656011000},"page":"214","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Resolution of cauda equina syndrome after surgical extraction of lumbar intrathecal bullet"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Zaid","family":"Aljuboori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Sieg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_400_2020\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"opaa030","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opaa030","article-title":"Minimally invasive management of civilian gunshot wounds to the lumbar spine: A case series and technical report","author":"Crutcher","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_400_2020\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.02.173","article-title":"Penetrating spinal column injuries (pSI): An institutional experience with 100 consecutive cases in an urban trauma center","volume":"138","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_400_2020\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.12.SPINE19839","article-title":"What is the incidence of cauda equina syndrome? A systematic review","volume":"32","author":"Hoeritzauer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_400_2020\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E4","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.12.FOCUS18577","article-title":"A case series of penetrating spinal trauma: Comparisons to blunt trauma, surgical indications, and outcomes","volume":"46","author":"Morrow","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_400_2020\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-8237.167855","article-title":"Gunshot wound causing complete spinal cord injury without mechanical violation of spinal axis: Case report with review of literature","volume":"6","author":"Patil","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Craniovertebr Junction Spine"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_400_2020\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-015-9289-4","article-title":"High velocity gunshot injuries to the extremities: Management on and off the battlefield","volume":"8","author":"Penn-Barwell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_400_2020\/ref-7","article-title":"Cauda Equina and Conus Medullaris Syndromes","author":"Rider","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["Surgical Neurology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/resolution-of-cauda-equina-syndrome-after-surgical-extraction-of-lumbar-intrathecal-bullet\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/resolution-of-cauda-equina-syndrome-after-surgical-extraction-of-lumbar-intrathecal-bullet\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]],"date-time":"2020-07-25T05:46:54Z","timestamp":1595656014000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/resolution-of-cauda-equina-syndrome-after-surgical-extraction-of-lumbar-intrathecal-bullet\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]]},"references-count":7,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/SNI_400_2020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/sni_400_2020","relation":{},"ISSN":["2152-7806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2152-7806","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]]},"article-number":"214"}}