{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T04:52:26Z","timestamp":1692420746981},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\nBackground: <\/jats:title>\nRadiotherapy has increasingly assumed a central role in the multidisciplinary treatment of skull base lesions. Unfortunately, it is often burdened by relevant radio-induced damage to the pituitary function and the surrounding structures and systems. Patients who were treated with radiotherapy around the sellar region especially have a high risk of developing radio-induced hypopituitarism. Particle therapy has the potential advantage of delivering a higher radiation dose to the target while potentially sparing the sellar region and pituitary function. The aim of this study is to evaluate the pituitary function in adult patients who have undergone hadron therapy for anterior skull base lesions involving or surrounding the pituitary gland.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nMethods: <\/jats:title>\nThis is a retrospective, observational, and noncontrolled study. We evaluated pituitary and peripheral hormone levels in all patients referring to National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia, Italy for anterior skull base tumors. Furthermore, we performed a magnetic resonance imaging for every follow-up to evaluate potential tumoral growth.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nResults: <\/jats:title>\nWe evaluated 32 patients with different tumoral lesions with a mean follow-up of 27.9 months. The mean hadron therapy (HT) dose was 60 \u00b1 14 Gray, with a mean dose per fraction of 2.3 \u00b1 2.1 Gray. Six patients were treated with carbon ions and 26 with protons. Pituitary hormone alteration of some kind was reported for six patients. No patient experienced unexpected severe adverse events related to particle therapy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nConclusion: <\/jats:title>\nParticle radiotherapy performed on anterior skull base lesions has proved to cause limited damage to pituitary function in the adult population.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_41_2023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T06:24:13Z","timestamp":1692339853000},"page":"293","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of endocrinological sequelae following particle therapy performed on anterior skull base lesions in the adult population"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Cesare","family":"Zoia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giada","family":"Todeschini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Lovati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Lucotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Iannalfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department, National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Bongetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Unit, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli e Oftalmico, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Di Sabatino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Riva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department, National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iacopo","family":"Cavallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department, National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ester","family":"Orlandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department, National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giannantonio","family":"Spena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_41_2023\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-018-0918-y","article-title":"Decreased quality of life (QoL) in hypopituitary patients: Involvement of glucocorticoid 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