{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T12:42:17Z","timestamp":1778848937218,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Cauda equina tumors are rare primary spinal tumors. Histologically, the most common tumor arising from the cauda equina is a schwannoma. However, little is known about the long-term postoperative outcomes of cauda equina schwannoma. Here, we reviewed the median-to-long-term postoperative outcomes of eight of our own patients with schwannomas of the cauda equina.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Methods: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Between 2007 and 2020, we, retrospectively, reviewed eight patients with cauda equina schwannomas (CESs) undergoing nine operations at our institution. There were five males and three females averaging 56.5 years of age who were followed for over 40 postoperative months. The study included assessment of the following variables: the modified McCormick scale, tumor size, location, extent of resection, treatment of the tumor involving nerve roots, and postoperative observational follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Results: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Gross-total resection was achieved in all eight patients; none received adjuvant therapy. The involved nerve roots were completely sacrificed in seven patients and partially resected in one. During a median follow-up of 108 months, only one patient sustained a tumor recurrence 164 months following the index surgery.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>CESs may recur more than 10 years after the original surgery. Radical resection of the tumor, including complete removal of the involved nerve root during the index surgery, and long-term postoperative follow-up is, therefore, essential.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_471_2022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]],"date-time":"2022-06-24T08:32:09Z","timestamp":1656059529000},"page":"272","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Long-term recurrence after surgery for schwannoma of the cauda equina"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hirotomo","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Shinsuma General Hospital,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Takaishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Shinsuma General Hospital,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinichi","family":"Miura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Mizowaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Shinsuma General Hospital,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Kondoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Shinsuma General Hospital,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Sasayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_471_2022\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101394","article-title":"Clinical features associated with recurrence of tumours of the spinal cord and cauda equina","volume":"41","author":"Asazuma","year":"2003","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_471_2022\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyy442","article-title":"Long-term update of stereotactic radiosurgery for benign spinal tumors","volume":"85","author":"Chin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_471_2022\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.09.068","article-title":"Tumors in the cauda equina: A SEER analysis of tumor types and predictors of outcome","volume":"81","author":"Das","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_471_2022\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000204128.84742.8F","article-title":"CyberKnife radiosurgery for benign intradural extramedullary spinal tumors","volume":"58","author":"Dodd","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_471_2022\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.3.SPINE09430","article-title":"Clinical presentation, histology, and treatment in 430 patients with primary tumors of the spinal cord, spinal meninges, or cauda equina","volume":"13","author":"Engelhard","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_471_2022\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000318174.28461.fc","article-title":"Radiosurgery for benign intradural spinal tumors","volume":"62","author":"Gerszten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_471_2022\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.7785\/tcrt.2012.500242","article-title":"Radiosurgery for benign tumors of the spine: Clinical experience and current trends","volume":"11","author":"Gerszten","year":"2012","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_471_2022\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2040660.330","article-title":"Intraoperative monitoring for Cauda Equina tumors: Surgical outcomes and neurophysiological data accrued over 10 years","volume":"18","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_471_2022\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58030357","article-title":"Do Tumour size, type and localisation affect resection rate in patients with spinal schwannoma?","volume":"58","author":"Parlak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_471_2022\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.25259\/SNI_357_2021","article-title":"Management of recurrent schwannoma of the cauda equina: A case report","volume":"12","author":"Perez-Pinto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_471_2022\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.1.SPINE14910","article-title":"Clinical analysis of spinal stereotactic radiosurgery in the treatment of neurogenic tumors","volume":"23","author":"Shin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_471_2022\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00011940","article-title":"Cauda equina tumors: A French multicenter retrospective review of 231 adult cases and review of the literature","volume":"23","author":"Wager","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"}],"container-title":["Surgical Neurology 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