{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T02:36:12Z","timestamp":1770518172619,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The aim of the study was to present a case of mixed olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) and carcinoma, an extremely rare tumor with only a few cases in the published literature.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Case Description: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>An otherwise healthy 27-year-old male presented with sinus complaints, headache, and unilateral eye discharge. Imaging and endoscopy revealed a mass presumed to represent a juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. Unexpectedly, the final pathology report revealed high grade mixed ONB and carcinoma. This tumor is the sixth and youngest documented patient with mixed ONB and carcinoma.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Physicians should remain vigilant for the possibility of malignancy in their approach to nasal cavity masses, even in young otherwise healthy patients. Careful review of the immunohistopathology should also be taken, as mixed olfactory tumors such as these are aggressive, rare entities that require multidisciplinary oncologic care.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_473_2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T10:25:09Z","timestamp":1589019909000},"page":"97","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Mixed olfactory neuroblastoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma: An unusual case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Wilson P.","family":"Lao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, California, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordan M.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, California, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauran","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yohanan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, California, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Denham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steve C.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, California, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_473_2019\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otorri.2017.07.001","article-title":"Importance of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in olfactory neuroblastoma treatment: Series report and literature review","volume":"69","author":"Bartel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_473_2019\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-018-0887-5","article-title":"Sinonasal neuroendocrine neoplasms: Current challenges and advances in diagnosis and treatment, with a focus on olfactory neuroblastoma","volume":"12","author":"Bell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_473_2019\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2019.05.031","article-title":"Ectopic primary olfactory neuroblastoma of the nasopharynx: A case report and review of the literature","volume":"14","author":"Caldwell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_473_2019\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.4103\/sni.sni_30_17","article-title":"A rare case report of mixed olfactory neuroblastoma: Carcinoma with review of literature","volume":"8","author":"Gandhoke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_473_2019\/ref-5","first-page":"240","article-title":"Tumors of the Upper Respiratory Tract and Ear, Atlas of Tumor Pathology","volume":"Vol. 25","author":"Hyams","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_473_2019\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25293","article-title":"Comparing Kadish, TNM, and the modified dulguerov staging systems for esthesioneuroblastoma","volume":"119","author":"Joshi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_473_2019\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197603)37:3<1571::AID-CNCR2820370347>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Olfactory neuroblastoma. 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