{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T11:19:29Z","timestamp":1721819969951},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt implantation is the standard neurosurgical procedure to treat hydrocephalus for various reasons. Its function depends on the differential pressure between the ventricular space and the peritoneal cavity. Correct functioning of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) valves requires a gradient of pressure between the ventricular and the abdominal cavity. Any reason that disrupts this balance can result in dysfunction of the system. Increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) may be a reason to induce shunt failure by decreasing CSF drainage from the ventricular system to the peritoneal cavity.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Case Description: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We report a case of repeated VP shunt failure because of constipation and successful conservative management by lowering IAP without surgical revision of the VP shunt system and reviewed the relevant literature.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Increased IAP for a variety of reason should always be considered as a possible reason for shunt failure that can often be treated conservatively and therefore can reduce unnecessary shunt revision surgery.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_503_2022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]],"date-time":"2022-09-30T09:46:05Z","timestamp":1664531165000},"page":"440","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ventriculoperitoneal shunt failure due to raised intra-abdominal pressure: A case report and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Dounia","family":"Hmimidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shafie","family":"Ariai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Reithmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1097\/01376517-199410000-00003","article-title":"Ventriculoperitoneal shunt dysfunction and constipation: A chart review","volume":"26","author":"Bragg","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neurosci Nurs"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-2","first-page":"69","article-title":"Intraabdominal pressure: Is it a cause of shunt dysfunction? A pediatric case reports","volume":"29","author":"Bulduk","year":"2018","journal-title":"GMJ"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.10.PEDS16377","article-title":"Risk of failure in pediatric ventriculoperitoneal shunts placed after abdominal surgery","volume":"19","author":"Burks","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-4","first-page":"558","article-title":"Maternal hydrocephalus in pregnancy and delivery: A report of two cases","volume":"56","author":"Fletcher","year":"2007","journal-title":"West Indian Med J"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.63.3.0459","article-title":"Ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction during pregnancy","volume":"63","author":"Hanakita","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2002.97.4.0992","article-title":"Ventriculoperitoneal shunt failure as a secondary complication of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome","volume":"97","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-007-0514-3","article-title":"Severe constipation: An under-appreciated cause of VP shunt malfunction: A case-based update","volume":"24","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Lage","year":"2008","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E444","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000130038.49240.6F","article-title":"Ventriculoperitoneal shunt dysfunction in adults secondary to conditions causing a transient increase in intra-abdominal pressure: Report of three cases","volume":"55","author":"Miele","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69811-5","article-title":"Coma due to meteorism and increased intra-abdominal pressure subsequent to ventriculoperitoneal shunt dysfunction","volume":"368","author":"Mirzayan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.2.PEDS17574","article-title":"Reversible ventriculoperitoneal shunt dysfunction and chronic constipation: Case report","volume":"22","author":"Morais","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1623516","article-title":"High intra-abdominal pressure secondary to obesity as a determining factor for ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction","volume":"37","author":"Morais","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arq Bras Neurocir"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-006-0232-2","article-title":"Transient ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction after chronic constipation: Case report and review of literature","volume":"23","author":"Muzumdar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inat.2018.04.004","article-title":"Ventriculoperitoneal shunt complications: A review","volume":"13","author":"Paff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Interdiscip Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_503_2022\/ref-14","first-page":"227","article-title":"Constipation as a reversible cause of ventriculoperitoneal shunt failure. 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