{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T12:21:58Z","timestamp":1773231718320,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Fishing spearguns are a rare cause of nonmissile penetrating brain injuries (PBIs). Discussion of their injury patterns and treatments has been published only sporadically. Here, we report a case of a self-inflicted PBI caused by this type of weapon and present an extensive review of previous case reports to help ascertain the appropriate surgical approach.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Case Description: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A 26-year-old man with a preexisting psychiatric illness was transferred to our hospital after a self-inflicted shot with a fishing speargun through his mouth. The ensuing injuries included the impalement of a spear intracranially through the soft palate and posterior oropharyngeal wall. The spear was surgically accessed by the otolaryngology team by splitting the soft palate and was removed by the neurosurgery team in the retrograde direction. Cerebral angiographies were done pre- and postoperatively, and these did not detect any vertebrobasilar arterial system injuries. The patient\u2019s postoperative care was uneventful, and he was followed up by a psychiatrist for his long-term care.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This example of a complicated case of nonmissile PBI caused by an uncommon type of weapon shows how this type of medical emergency can be managed successfully with effective teamwork using a multidisciplinary approach.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_506_2021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T05:10:38Z","timestamp":1627967438000},"page":"391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Multidisciplinary management of a penetrating cerebellar injury by a fishing speargun: A case study and literature review"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Thakul","family":"Oearsakul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songklanagarind Hospital, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anukoon","family":"Kaewborisutsakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songklanagarind Hospital, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kitti","family":"Jantharapattana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songklanagarind Hospital, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rujimas","family":"Khumtong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songklanagarind Hospital, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asamaporn","family":"Puetpaiboon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songklanagarind Hospital, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Burapat","family":"Sangthong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songklanagarind Hospital, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S1130-1473(11)70025-2","article-title":"Perforating brain injury from a speargun. A case report","volume":"22","author":"Abarca-Olivas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurocirugia (Astur)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(97)90458-4","article-title":"Maxillofacial spear gun accident: Report of two cases","volume":"55","author":"Alper","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e547","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000002040","article-title":"Head spear gun injury: An atypical suicide attempt","volume":"26","author":"Bakhos","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS\/2008\/108\/5\/1021","article-title":"Craniocerebral penetrating injury caused by a spear gun through the mouth: Case report","volume":"108","author":"Ban","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22308","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000022308","article-title":"Unusual suicide by a speargun shot: Case report","volume":"99","author":"Barranco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0b013e318288b0ed","article-title":"Suicide due to four speargun shots: A case report","volume":"34","author":"Bonsignore","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1969.31.1.0077","article-title":"Traumatic cerebral aneurysm due to speargun injury. Case report","volume":"31","author":"Chadduck","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.1044","article-title":"Suicide rates after discharge from psychiatric facilities: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Chung","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-9","first-page":"73","article-title":"Speargun injuries: A case of wilful murder","volume":"39","author":"Costantinides","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Med Leg Soc (Liege)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01793629","article-title":"Penetrating cranio-cerebral injuries due to unusual foreign bodies","volume":"5","author":"Doron","year":"1982","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S1130-1473(02)70596-4","article-title":"Trauma craneoencef\u00e1lico perforante por arp\u00f3n. Precentaci\u00f3n de un caso y revisi\u00f3n de la literatura [Penetrating head injury from harpoon, Case report]","volume":"13","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Melo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurocirugia (Astur)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-12","first-page":"589","article-title":"Injury of the left cerebral hemisphere by the trident from an underwater fishing gun","volume":"74","author":"Giani","year":"1960","journal-title":"Riforma Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-13","first-page":"133","article-title":"Consideraciones y proceder quir\u00fargico en las heridas craneocerebrales por arp\u00f3n","volume":"27","author":"Gil","year":"1998","journal-title":"Rev Cuba Med Mil"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(83)90379-8","article-title":"Unusual penetrating craniocerebral injury","volume":"19","author":"Gutierrez","year":"1983","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-15","first-page":"1","article-title":"Complications, outcomes, and management strategies of non-missile penetrating head injuries","volume":"19","author":"Harrington","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-16","first-page":"342","article-title":"Unusual penetrating cranioencephalic injury by a harpoon in a Brazilian man","volume":"23","author":"J\u00fanior","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bras Neurocir"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.4103\/1793-5482.85635","article-title":"Low velocity penetrating head injury with impacted foreign bodies in situ","volume":"6","author":"Kataria","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873.e9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.11.125","article-title":"Nonmissile penetrating head injuries: Surgical management and review of the literature","volume":"98","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810050025","article-title":"Penetrating craniocerebral injury from an underwater fishing harpoon","volume":"16","author":"L\u00f3pez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-20","article-title":"Spearfishing Manual: Insider Secrets Revealed","author":"McGuire","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200108001-00004","article-title":"Neuroimaging in the management of penetrating brain injury","volume":"51","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000359","article-title":"Unusual suicide by a speargun shot through the mouth: A case report","volume":"39","author":"Nouma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-23","first-page":"977","article-title":"Un corps \u00e9tranger intracranien peu banal; blessure par fl\u00e8che de harpon sous-marin [Unusual intracranial foreign body; wound by submarine harpoon spear]","volume":"64","author":"Paillas","year":"1956","journal-title":"Presse Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-24","first-page":"S44","article-title":"Part 2: Prognosis in penetrating brain injury","volume":"51","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redar.2015.06.001","article-title":"Traumatismo craneoencef\u00e1lico severo por arp\u00f3n de pesca [Severe head trauma by speargun]","volume":"63","author":"Peligero Deza","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-26","first-page":"19","article-title":"Penetrating craniocerebral injuries. Report of two unusual cases","volume":"31","author":"Rocca","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Sci"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maxilo.2012.12.001","article-title":"Traumatismo penetrante facial por arp\u00f3n. A prop\u00f3sito de un caso","volume":"37","author":"Veiga San Rom\u00e1n","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cir Oral Maxilofac"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_506_2021\/ref-28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2014.00113","article-title":"Penetrating brain injury after suicide attempt with speargun: Case study and review of literature","volume":"5","author":"Williams","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Neurol"}],"container-title":["Surgical Neurology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/multidisciplinary-management-of-a-penetrating-cerebellar-injury-by-a-fishing-speargun-a-case-study-and-literature-review\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/multidisciplinary-management-of-a-penetrating-cerebellar-injury-by-a-fishing-speargun-a-case-study-and-literature-review\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T05:10:54Z","timestamp":1627967454000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/multidisciplinary-management-of-a-penetrating-cerebellar-injury-by-a-fishing-speargun-a-case-study-and-literature-review\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]]},"references-count":28,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/SNI_506_2021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/sni_506_2021","relation":{},"ISSN":["2152-7806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2152-7806","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]]},"article-number":"391"}}