{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T17:00:30Z","timestamp":1778173230054,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Persistent primitive hypoglossal artery (PPHA) is a rare residual arterial anastomosis. We placed a CASPER stent using Spider FX as an embolic protection device (EPD) in a patient with internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis and PPHA. There are no reports of carotid artery stenting (CAS) using a CASPER stent for ICA stenosis with PPHA. We report the EPD strategy used in this case and the usefulness and precautions of CASPER stent insertion for cervical ICA stenosis in association with PPHA.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Methods: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A 9Fr sheath was placed in the right femoral artery and a 9Fr Branchor balloon guide catheter was guided to the common carotid artery. A Spider FX was placed proximal to the bifurcation of the ICA and the PPHA. A 10 mm \u00d7 20 mm CASPER stent was deployed at the site of the stricture with no postoperative ischemic complications.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Results: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>There was no intra-stent occlusion, stenosis, or plaque protrusion immediately after surgery, and no postoperative ischemic complications were observed.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>CASPER stent deployment with the Spider FX in the ICA and PPHA bifurcation can be considered to be an effective treatment method for ICA stenosis associated with PPHA. However, care should be taken in selecting the appropriate EPDs and stents depending on the location of the stenosis and bifurcation of the PPHA.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_567_2023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T06:21:12Z","timestamp":1693549272000},"page":"308","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Strategy of cerebral endovascular treatment for cervical internal carotid artery stenosis with a persistent primitive hypoglossal artery"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shinichiro","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka Neurosurgical Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaisei","family":"Kamatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka Neurosurgical Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kousuke","family":"Takigawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka Neurosurgical Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriaki","family":"Tashiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, Fukuoka Neurosurgical Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiya","family":"Hashiguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, Fukuoka Neurosurgical Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Yasaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, Fukuoka Neurosurgical Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Aikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka Neurosurgical Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Go","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka Neurosurgical Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Kazekawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka Neurosurgical Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.3995\/jstroke.10898","article-title":"Carotid artery stenting with persistent primitive hypoglossal artery performed by carotid direct puncture and double distal filter protection: A case report","volume":"43","author":"Ebiko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Jpn J Stroke"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bcr2012010578","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2012-010578","article-title":"Tandem symptomatic internal carotid artery and persistent hypoglossal artery stenosis treated by endovascular stenting and flow reversal","volume":"2013","author":"Eller","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-5214(94)90238-0","article-title":"Persistent hypoglossal artery: Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations concerning carotid thromboendarterectomy","volume":"20","author":"Fantini","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(03)00712-2","article-title":"Primitive proatlantal intersegmental artery and carotid endoarterectomy","volume":"39","author":"Grego","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.5797\/jnet.cr.2016-0116","article-title":"Carotid artery stenting for symptomatic stenosis of the cervical carotid artery associated with persistent primitive hypoglossal artery: A case report","volume":"11","author":"Kaku","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neuroendovasc Ther"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1082299","article-title":"A successful treatment with carotid arterial stenting for symptomatic internal carotid artery severe stenosis with ipsilateral persistent primitive hypoglossal artery: Case report and review of the literature","volume":"51","author":"Kanazawa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.5797\/jnet.tn.2017-0003","article-title":"A case of carotid artery stenosis associated with persistent primitive hypoglossal artery treated by carotid artery stenting with double distal protection using the jail technique","volume":"11","author":"Mochizuki","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neuroendovasc Ther"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.03.026","article-title":"Stenting for internal carotid artery stenosis associated with persistent primitive hypoglossal artery using proximal flow blockade and distal protection system: A technical case report and literature review","volume":"25","author":"Murai","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.2335\/scs.47.266","article-title":"Selection of surgical procedures to treat carotid artery stenosis","volume":"47","author":"Nagata","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surg Cerebral Stroke"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.50.921","article-title":"Carotid artery stenting in a patient with internal carotid artery stenosis and ipsilateral persistent primitive hypoglossal artery presenting with transient ischemia of the vertebrobasilar system: Case report","volume":"50","author":"Nii","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-5214(88)90041-9","article-title":"Anomalous carotid-basilar anastomoses in cerebrovascular surgery","volume":"7","author":"Ouriel","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1177\/1971400915626427","article-title":"Internal carotid artery stenosis with persistent primitive hypoglossal artery treated with carotid artery stenting: A case report and literature review","volume":"29","author":"Ryu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroradiol J"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bcr2013010709","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-010709","article-title":"Double embolic protection during carotid artery stenting with persistent hypoglossal artery","volume":"2013","author":"Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.3995\/jstroke.10803","article-title":"Carotid artery stenting to treat internal carotid artery stenosis with persistent primitive hypoglossal artery: A case report","volume":"42","author":"Tonegawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Jpn J Stroke"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2342-3-2","article-title":"Angiographic findings and clinical implications of persistent primitive hypoglossal artery","volume":"3","author":"Vlychou","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMC Med Imaging"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040127","article-title":"Protected carotidartery stenting versus endarterectomy in high-risk patients","volume":"351","author":"Yadav","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.05.171","article-title":"Potential of new-generation double-layer micromesh stent for carotid artery stenting in patients with unstable plaque: A preliminary result using OFDI analysis","volume":"105","author":"Yamada","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_567_2023\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2014.04.066","article-title":"Concomitant asymptomatic internal carotid artery and persistent primitive hypoglossal artery stenosis treated by endovascular stenting with proximal embolic protection","volume":"63","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"}],"container-title":["Surgical Neurology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/strategy-of-cerebral-endovascular-treatment-for-cervical-internal-carotid-artery-stenosis-with-a-persistent-primitive-hypoglossal-artery\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/strategy-of-cerebral-endovascular-treatment-for-cervical-internal-carotid-artery-stenosis-with-a-persistent-primitive-hypoglossal-artery\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T06:21:19Z","timestamp":1693549279000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/strategy-of-cerebral-endovascular-treatment-for-cervical-internal-carotid-artery-stenosis-with-a-persistent-primitive-hypoglossal-artery\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"references-count":18,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/SNI_567_2023"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/sni_567_2023","relation":{},"ISSN":["2152-7806","2229-5097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2152-7806","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2229-5097","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"article-number":"308"}}