{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T20:22:03Z","timestamp":1775938923502,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a debilitating pain that affects the dermatomes associated with the trigeminal nerve (V1, V2, and V3). Unfortunately, many medical treatments and surgical procedures fail to sufficiently modulate the pain associated with this condition.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Case Description: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study presents two extreme cases of refractory TN (RTN) that progressed to atypical facial pain and describes successful mitigation of the neuralgia of said cases by percutaneous implantation of upper cervical spinal cord stimulation (SCS). The SCS was designed to target the descending spinal trigeminal tract.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Together, these cases collaborate with the limited literature and further delineate the use and potential advantages of SCS in the treatment of RTN.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_60_2023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]],"date-time":"2023-06-09T18:18:40Z","timestamp":1686334720000},"page":"198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Percutaneous high cervical spinal cord stimulation for refractory trigeminal neuralgia"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Brandon Michael","family":"Edelbach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel Angel","family":"Lopez-Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_60_2023\/ref-1","first-page":"333","article-title":"Trigeminal neuralgia in a patient with multiple sclerosis treated with high cervical spinal cord stimulation. 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