{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:08:42Z","timestamp":1790356122698,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Jugular foramen paragangliomas (JFP) treatment represents a challenge for surgeons due to its close relationship with facial nerve (FN), lower cranial nerves (LCN), and internal carotid artery. Due to its hypervascularization, preoperative tumor embolization has been indicated.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Methods: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Retrospective analysis of the clinical evolution of 26 patients with JFP class C\/D previously embolized treated through infratemporal\/cervical access without FN transposition.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Results: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Total and subtotal resections were 50% each, regrowth\/recurrence were 25%, and 23%, respectively, and mortality was 3.9%. Postoperatively, 68.4% of patients had FN House and Brackmann (HB) Grades I\/II. New FN deficits were 15.4% post embolization and 30.7% postoperatively. Previous FN deficits worsened in 46.1%. Tumor involved the FN in 30.8% and in 62.5% of them these nerves were resected and grafted (60% of them had HB III). Lateral fall, ear murmur, and vertigo improved in all patients. Tinnitus improved in 77.8% and one patient developed tinnitus after surgery. Hearing loss did not improve, eight partial hearing loss remained unchanged and four worsened. New postoperative LCN deficits were 64.3%. Postoperative KPS between 80 and 100 dropped 8.3%. Two patients with secretory paragangliomas with arterial hypertension difficult to control had better postoperative blood pressure control.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Although still with significant morbidity due to FN and LCN injuries, the treatment of patients with JFP Fisch C\/D has good long-term results. Surgical techniques without FN transposition have less intraoperative nerve damage, lower rates of total resection, and higher recurrence. Preoperative embolization of JFP reduces the intraoperative blood loss but can cause FN deficit.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_651_2021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T05:48:28Z","timestamp":1653457708000},"page":"482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Surgical management of embolized jugular foramen paragangliomas without facial nerve transposition: Experience of a public tertiary hospital in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Benedicto Oscar","family":"Colli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Neurosurgery, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Gilberto Carlotti","family":"Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Neurosurgery, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo Santos","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Neurosurgery, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilherme Gozzoli Podolski","family":"Gondim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Giansanti","family":"Abud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Image, Hematology and Clinical Oncology Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Tanaka","family":"Massuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Ver\u00edssimo","family":"de Melo Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Neurosurgery, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_651_2021\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(87)90224-2","article-title":"A combined infratemporal and posterior fossa approach for the removal of giant glomus tumors and chondrosarcomas","volume":"28","author":"Al-Mefty","year":"1987","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_651_2021\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2002.97.6.1356","article-title":"Complex tumors of the 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