{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T22:42:37Z","timestamp":1776465757139,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\nBackground: <\/jats:title>\nPseudotumor cerebri (PTC) or idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by elevated intracranial pressure without hydrocephalus or mass lesion, with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies and neuroimaging. The exact cause remains uncertain, but potential mechanisms include increased CSF production, impaired CSF absorption, cerebral edema, and abnormal cerebral venous pressure gradients. Patients may present with various accompanying symptoms such as unilateral or bilateral visual obscuration, pulsatile tinnitus, back pain, dizziness, neck pain, blurred vision, cognitive difficulties, radicular pain, and typically intermittent horizontal diplopia.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nCase Description: <\/jats:title>\nWe report a case of a 32-year-old female who initially presented with chronic headaches and oligomenorrhea, which resulted in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) a few years before the initial diagnosis of PTC. Despite receiving maximum medical treatment and undergoing optic nerve sheath fenestration, the patient experienced complete bilateral vision loss. Nearly 5 years later, the patient sought care at our outpatient neurology clinic, presenting with symptoms including tinnitus, left-sided hearing loss, and joint pain with elevated inflammatory markers and headaches. The focus of this research was to discuss the pathophysiology of each of these comorbidities.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nConclusion: <\/jats:title>\nThis case report aims to explore the pathophysiological relationships between PTC and concurrent comorbidities, including PCOS, sensorineural hearing loss, empty sella (ES) syndrome, and elevated inflammatory markers. Remarkably, no other PTC case with this unique constellation of concurrent comorbidities have been reported in existing medical literature. The case report underscores the critical importance of early diagnosis of IIH and prompt medical intervention, particularly in patients with PCOS experiencing chronic headaches.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_670_2023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T06:34:51Z","timestamp":1700202891000},"page":"399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Idiopathic intracranial hypertension associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome, sensorineural hearing loss, and elevated inflammatory markers that lead to bilateral blindness: A case report with literature review"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Zarei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Neurology Group, Pomona, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Setareh","family":"Kamali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Narinyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farnoush","family":"Nasouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Hassani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdul Mahmoud","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Neurology Group, Pomona, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rojeen","family":"Zarei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sadiq","family":"Altamimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Neurology Group, Pomona, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_670_2023\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.2174\/1874364101307010026","article-title":"The incidence of blindness due to idiopathic intracranial hypertension in the UK","volume":"7","author":"Best","year":"2013","journal-title":"Open Ophthalmol J"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_670_2023\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-020-1026-8","article-title":"Fulminant idiopathic intracranial hypertension","volume":"20","author":"Bouffard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_670_2023\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)99039-X","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging in pseudotumor cerebri","volume":"105","author":"Brodsky","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_670_2023\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.5152\/iao.2016.2626","article-title":"Audio-vestibular findings in increased intracranial hypertension syndrome","volume":"13","author":"\u00c7oban","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Int Adv Otol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_670_2023\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.08.031","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome is related to idiopathic intracranial hypertension according to magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance venography","volume":"89","author":"Cosar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_670_2023\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.145991","article-title":"Pseudotumor cerebri: An update on treatment options","volume":"62","author":"Dave","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_670_2023\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1988.00520320065016","article-title":"The incidence of pseudotumor cerebri. 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