{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T11:51:02Z","timestamp":1722253862731},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a rare malignant disease and treatment protocols have not been standardized, varying widely by disease course and institutional practices. Management typically includes wide local excision through open or endoscopic resection, followed by radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and stereotactic radiosurgery. Tumor control can differ on a case-by-case basis. Herein, the complex management of a rare case of recurrent disease with multiple dural metastases is presented.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Case Description: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A 60-year-old patient was diagnosed with ENB after presenting with anosmia and epistaxis. The patient underwent combined endonasal and transfrontal sinus craniofacial resection, followed by proton beam radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Subsequently, he developed a total of 25 dural metastases that were controlled with repeated Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKRS). In spite of post-treatment course that was complicated by radiation necrosis and local vasculopathy, the patient made significant recovery to functional baseline.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The management of ENB entails multimodality and multidisciplinary care, which can help patients obtain disease control and long-term survival. Recurrent ENB dural metastases can behave as oligometastatic disease manageable with aggressive focal GKRS. As prognosis continues to improve, chronic treatment effects of radiation in such cases should be taken into consideration.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_821_2021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T06:53:54Z","timestamp":1638946434000},"page":"606","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Esthesioneuroblastoma with recurrent dural metastases: Long-term multimodality treatment and considerations"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hansen","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"McDowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zachary C.","family":"Gersey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hussam","family":"Abou-Al-Shaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl H.","family":"Snyderman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgios A.","family":"Zenonos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. Dade","family":"Lunsford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul A.","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Skull Base Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_821_2021\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(00)00219-6","article-title":"Acute complications following gamma knife radiosurgery are rare","volume":"53","author":"Chin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_821_2021\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200312000-00005","article-title":"Esthesioneuroblastoma: Endoscopic nasal and anterior craniotomy resection","volume":"113","author":"Devaiah","year":"2003","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_821_2021\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(01)00558-7","article-title":"Esthesioneuroblastoma: A meta-analysis and review","volume":"2","author":"Dulguerov","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_821_2021\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1080\/02841860510007440","article-title":"The pathology of ionizing radiation as defined by morphologic patterns","volume":"44","author":"Fajardo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_821_2021\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(99)00513-1","article-title":"Development of a model to predict permanent symptomatic postradiosurgery injury for arteriovenous malformation patients","volume":"46","author":"Flickinger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_821_2021\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1667\/0033-7587(2003)159[0371:EOTEOA]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Evaluation of the effect of ascorbic acid treatment on wound healing in mice exposed to different doses of fractionated gamma radiation","volume":"159","author":"Jagetia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Radiat Res"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_821_2021\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.133.3.276","article-title":"Esthesioneuroblastoma: A population-based analysis of survival and prognostic factors","volume":"133","author":"Jethanamest","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_821_2021\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197603)37:3<1571::AID-CNCR2820370347>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Olfactory neuroblastoma. 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