{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T01:22:36Z","timestamp":1771636956662,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Subacute subdural hematomas (ASDH) are only treated surgically when they cause mass effect significant enough to give symptoms. Rarely, sub-ASDH may cause enough pressure to result in a malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory infarction. Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is the last resort to reduce intracranial pressure following malignant MCA infarction. Herein, we review the literature and describe a case of MCA\/posterior cerebral artery (PCA) territories infarction following drainage of a sub-ASDH that was treated with DC with good outcome.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Case Description: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We report a case of malignant right-sided MCA\/PCA infarction in a 62-year-old man who presented with progressive headache following a cycling incident leading to a head injury. Initial CT head demonstrated a small right ASDH. He had no neurological deficit, headache settled on analgesia, and there was no expansion of the SDH on the repeat CT; therefore, he was managed conservatively. He was admitted 6-days later with worsening headaches and hyponatremia. Repeat CT revealed an increase in size of the hematoma and mass effect leading to a mini-craniotomy and evacuation of hematoma. He developed left-sided hemiplegia, slurred speech and hyponatremia, and CT head demonstrated a right-sided MCA\/PCA infarction with significant mass effect. He underwent emergent DC and subsequent cranioplasty and ultimately recovered to mRS of 2.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>SDH are frequent neurosurgical entities. Malignant MCA\/PCA strokes following mini-craniotomies are rare but need to be considered especially during the consent process.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_838_2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]],"date-time":"2021-03-16T19:43:28Z","timestamp":1615923808000},"page":"105","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction following subacute subdural hematoma: A case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Saad","family":"Moughal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, London, United Kingdom,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micaela","family":"Uberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Atkinson Morley Neurosurgery Centre, St George\u2019s, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alaa","family":"Al-Mousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salem","family":"Al-Dwairy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anan","family":"Shtaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Atkinson Morley Neurosurgery Centre, St George\u2019s, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erlick","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Atkinson Morley Neurosurgery Centre, St George\u2019s, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1159\/000086019","article-title":"Consequences of inadequate management of hyponatremia","volume":"25","author":"Adrogu\u00e9","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12705","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1105860108","article-title":"Blast-induced phenotypic switching in cerebral vasospasm","volume":"108","author":"Alford","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000255","article-title":"A standardized classification for subdural hematomas-I","volume":"37","author":"Alves","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.12724","article-title":"Role of decompressive hemicraniectomy in extensive middle cerebral artery strokes: A meta-analysis of randomised trials","volume":"45","author":"Back","year":"2015","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.13004\/kjnt.2014.10.2.35","article-title":"Cerebral infarction after traumatic brain injury: Incidence and risk factors","volume":"10","author":"Bae","year":"2014","journal-title":"Korean J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.6.JNS101400","article-title":"Decompressive craniectomy: A meta-analysis of influences on intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure in the treatment of traumatic brain injury","volume":"117","author":"Bor-Seng-Shu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00107","article-title":"The effect of controlled decompression for severe traumatic brain injury: A randomized, controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E9","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2004.16.4.10","article-title":"Hyponatremia in the neurosurgical patient: Diagnosis and management","volume":"16","author":"Cole","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2010.02.023","article-title":"Decompressive craniectomy: Surgical control of traumatic intracranial hypertension may improve outcome","volume":"41","author":"Eberle","year":"2010","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-10","first-page":"193","article-title":"Focal microvascular occlusion after acute subdural haematoma in the rat: A mechanism for ischaemic damage and brain swelling?","volume":"60","author":"Fujisawa","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000441627","article-title":"Malignant MCA infarction: Pathophysiology and imaging for early diagnosis and management decisions","volume":"41","author":"Heiss","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2563","article-title":"Remote epidural hemorrhage after unilateral decompressive hemicraniectomy in brain-injured patients","volume":"30","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.12.011","article-title":"Cerebral salt wasting is the most common cause of hyponatremia in stroke","volume":"26","author":"Kalita","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.cr.2014-0204","article-title":"Surgical management of traumatic acute subdural hematoma in adults: A review","volume":"54","author":"Karibe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.154.6.2110744","article-title":"Posttraumatic cerebral infarction diagnosed by CT: Prevalence, origin, and outcome","volume":"154","author":"Mirvis","year":"1990","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.7.JNS09392","article-title":"Seizures after evacuation of subdural hematomas: Incidence, risk factors, and functional impact","volume":"112","author":"Rabinstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70036-4","article-title":"Early decompressive surgery in malignant infarction of the middle cerebral artery: A pooled analysis of three randomised controlled trials","volume":"6","author":"Vahedi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2016.11.007","article-title":"Natural history of acute subdural hematoma","volume":"28","author":"Vega","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_838_2020\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.01.027","article-title":"Mortality after hospitalization with mild, moderate, and severe hyponatremia","volume":"122","author":"Waikar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Med"}],"container-title":["Surgical Neurology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/malignant-middle-cerebral-artery-infarction-following-subacute-subdural-hematoma-a-case-report-and-literature-review\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/malignant-middle-cerebral-artery-infarction-following-subacute-subdural-hematoma-a-case-report-and-literature-review\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]],"date-time":"2021-03-16T19:43:46Z","timestamp":1615923826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/malignant-middle-cerebral-artery-infarction-following-subacute-subdural-hematoma-a-case-report-and-literature-review\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/SNI_838_2020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/sni_838_2020","relation":{},"ISSN":["2152-7806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2152-7806","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]]},"article-number":"105"}}