{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T12:53:47Z","timestamp":1777294427543,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Primary pituitary lymphomas are uncommon neoplasms that are typically derived from a B-cell lineage. Extranodal natural killer (NK)\/T-cell lymphoma is distinct from B- and T-cell lymphomas and is associated with Epstein\u2013Barr virus infection. Primary central nervous system (CNS) presentations of this neoplasm are exceptionally rare. Here, we report the case of extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma presenting as a pituitary mass and review the literature related to this rare clinical entity.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Case Description<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A 31-year-old previously healthy male presented with 2 weeks of progressive headaches and ophthalmoplegia. Imaging revealed a large intrasellar mass with retroclival extension and involvement of the sphenoid and cavernous sinuses. An endoscopic biopsy of the sphenoidal mucosa was performed, and pathological examination was consistent with extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma. Despite treatment with chemo- and radiotherapy, the patient died approximately 8 months after initial presentation due to systemic disease progression with multiorgan failure.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The presentation of extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma as a pituitary lesion is very rare, having been reported only twice in the previous literature. Patients with primary CNS extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma typically experience an aggressive clinical course with a poor prognosis, as in our case.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_956_2024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T10:35:21Z","timestamp":1744367721000},"page":"136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Presentation of extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma as a pituitary mass: A case report and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Molly","family":"Butler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehul","family":"Mehra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne Marie","family":"Barnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacey","family":"Salley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayushi","family":"Chauhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Oncology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sami","family":"Belakhlef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerald C.","family":"Wallace IV","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Oncology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Rutkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Vender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando L.","family":"Vale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-1","first-page":"1720","article-title":"The 5th edition of the World Health Organization classification of haematolymphoid tumours: Lymphoid neoplasms","volume-title":"Leukemia","volume":"36","author":"Alaggio","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562850","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.562850","article-title":"Primary pituitary lymphoma in immunocompetent patients: A report on two case studies and the review of literature","volume":"11","author":"Duan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.176.5.1761319","article-title":"Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system: typical and atypical CT and MR imaging appearances","volume":"176","author":"Erdag","year":"2001","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02298","article-title":"Non-functioning pituitary adenoma database: A useful resource to improve the clinical management of pituitary tumors","volume":"155","author":"Ferrante","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3331","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2020.1811864","article-title":"Modified SMILE (mSMILE) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for extranodal NK-T lymphoma nasal type in a single-center population","volume":"61","author":"Ghione","year":"2020","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2410","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.72.7602","article-title":"Primary CNS lymphoma","volume":"35","author":"Grommes","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-7","first-page":"185","article-title":"World Health Organization classification of tumors","volume-title":"Pathology and genetics of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues","author":"Jaffe","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1102\/1470-7330.2011.0023","article-title":"Extranodal manifestations of lymphoma on [18F]FDG-PET\/CT: A pictorial essay","volume":"11","author":"Kashyap","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-9","first-page":"1470","article-title":"Pituitary lymphoma presenting as fever of unknown origin","volume":"86","author":"Landman","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS-07\/09\/0660","article-title":"Extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma presenting as a pituitary mass: Case report and review of the literature","volume":"107","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-11","first-page":"A058","article-title":"Pituitary adenomas invading the sphenoid sinus","volume":"16","author":"Matsuyama","year":"2006","journal-title":"Skull Base"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnac010","article-title":"Clinical biology of the pituitary adenoma","volume":"43","author":"Melmed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-029X.80016","article-title":"Extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (angiocentric T-cell lymphoma): A review about the terminology","volume":"15","author":"Metgud","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Pathol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31824433d8","article-title":"Extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, includes cases of natural killer cell and \u03b1\u03b2, \u03b3\u03b4, and \u03b1\u03b2\/\u03b3\u03b4 T-cell origin: A comprehensive clinicopathologic and phenotypic study","volume":"36","author":"Pongpruttipan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S343400","article-title":"Successful treatment of primary CNS Extranodal NK\/T-Cell lymphoma with surgery and chemotherapy combined with sintilimab: A case report and literature review","volume":"15","author":"Qin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.3.JNS122113","article-title":"Sphenoid sinus anatomy and suprasellar extension of pituitary tumors: Clinical article","volume":"119","author":"Ramakrishnan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2021.103237","article-title":"Extranodal NK\/T cell lymphoma, nasal type: An updated overview","volume":"159","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Romero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-016-2249-z","article-title":"Primary pituitary lymphoma: An update of the literature","volume":"130","author":"Tarabay","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-017-0452-9","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of NK\/T-cell lymphomas","volume":"10","author":"Tse","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.4103\/ajns.AJNS_17_17","article-title":"Unravelling hitherto unreported masses camouflaged as pituitary macro adenomas","volume":"13","author":"Velho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asian J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21356","article-title":"Significant increases of pituitary tumors and resections from 1993 to 2011","volume":"4","author":"Villwock","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-022-05065-6","article-title":"Central nervous system involvement at initial diagnosis of extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma: A retrospective study of a consecutive 12-year case series","volume":"102","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.211879","article-title":"Advances in pathobiology of primary central nervous system lymphoma","volume":"130","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_956_2024\/ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000002184","article-title":"EBV-positive Nodal T-Cell and NK-Cell Lymphoma: A Study of 26 cases including a subset with strong CD30 expression mimicking anaplastic large cell lymphoma","volume":"48","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"}],"container-title":["Surgical Neurology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/presentation-of-extranodal-nk-t-cell-lymphoma-as-a-pituitary-mass-a-case-report-and-review-of-the-literature\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/presentation-of-extranodal-nk-t-cell-lymphoma-as-a-pituitary-mass-a-case-report-and-review-of-the-literature\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T10:35:27Z","timestamp":1744367727000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/presentation-of-extranodal-nk-t-cell-lymphoma-as-a-pituitary-mass-a-case-report-and-review-of-the-literature\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/SNI_956_2024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/sni_956_2024","relation":{},"ISSN":["2152-7806","2229-5097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2152-7806","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2229-5097","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]]},"article-number":"136"}}