{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T11:10:06Z","timestamp":1780657806653,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) involving the occipital sinus (OS) are rare vascular anomalies characterized by abnormal connections between meningeal arteries and venous sinuses or cortical veins. Trauma and venous hypertension are recognized factors in the pathogenesis of DAVFs, with previous injuries to the venous sinus and subsequent angiogenic responses contributing to abnormal arteriovenous shunt formation. The OS\u2019s variable anatomy and deep midline location add unique challenges to the diagnosis and treatment of DAVFs in this region.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Case Description: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We report two cases of OS DAVFs in patients with a history of remote cranial trauma. The first case describes a 36-year-old man with a 3-year history of progressive headache, recently worsening with severe headache, nausea, and vomiting. Imaging revealed a DAVF at the OS with cortical venous reflux. After an unsuccessful attempt at transarterial embolization, transvenous embolization achieved near-complete obliteration, and the patient remained asymptomatic at the 3-year follow-up. The second case involves a 54-year-old man with a history of a high fall. He initially presented with bilateral leg numbness and urinary retention, progressing to quadriparesis. Imaging demonstrated an OS DAVF with spinal venous congestion and cervical cord compression. Following an unsuccessful transarterial approach, he underwent a suboccipital craniotomy with OS ligation. Despite complete obliteration, he remained significantly disabled at the 1-year follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion: <\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>These cases highlight the role of trauma in the development of OS DAVFs and the challenges associated with their management. Successful treatment often requires a combined approach due to complex arterial feeders and venous drainage patterns. Early intervention is crucial in preventing irreversible neurological deficits caused by prolonged venous congestion, emphasizing the need for timely diagnosis and individualized treatment strategies for DAVFs involving the OS.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_958_2024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T09:40:34Z","timestamp":1736502034000},"page":"10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dural arteriovenous fistulas of the occipital sinus secondary to trauma: Two case reports and a review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Prasert","family":"Iampreechakul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarunya","family":"Yuthagovit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Korrapakc","family":"Wangtanaphat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songpol","family":"Chuntaroj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirirat","family":"Khunvutthidee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yodkhwan","family":"Wattanasen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunisa","family":"Hangsapruek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Punjama","family":"Lertbutsayanukul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somkiet","family":"Siriwimonmas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Department of Radiology, Bumrungrad International Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1750","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e31821713fb","article-title":"Delayed presentation of traumatic cerebral and dural arteriovenous fistulae after a BB gun accident in a pediatric patient: Case report","volume":"68","author":"Abla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.15562\/ijn.v4i3.134","article-title":"Occipital dural fistula presenting with hydrocephalus: A case report","volume":"4","author":"Agrawal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indones J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1970.33.3.0307","article-title":"The occipital sinus","volume":"33","author":"Das","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2022.12.039","article-title":"Inpatient re-rupture of a middle meningeal arteriovenous fistula after traumatic brain injury","volume":"18","author":"Goyal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.5469\/neuroint.2013.8.1.34","article-title":"A unique type of dural arteriovenous fistula at confluence of sinuses treated with endovascular embolization: A case report","volume":"8","author":"Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurointervention"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wnsx.2024.100307","article-title":"De novo formation of remote dural arteriovenous fistula following treated cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula","volume":"22","author":"Iampreechakul","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Neurosurg X"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wnsx.2024.100300","article-title":"Dural arteriovenous fistula involving superior petrosal sinus with petrosal venous drainage in association with cerebral venous thrombosis: Literature review and illustrative case","volume":"22","author":"Iampreechakul","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Neurosurg X"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.4103\/ajns.AJNS_277_19","article-title":"Spontaneous closure of a cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula with spinal perimedullary drainage (Cognard V) during attempted transvenous embolization","volume":"14","author":"Iampreechakul","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asian J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-9","first-page":"205","article-title":"Variations of the intracranial Dural venous sinuses","volume-title":"Anatomy, imaging and surgery of the intracranial Dural venous sinuses","author":"Joseph","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.07.231","article-title":"Occipital sinus dural arteriovenous fistula presenting with cerebellar hemorrhage","volume":"131","author":"Kawauchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-006-0087-y","article-title":"Anatomical study of the occipital sinus using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance venography","volume":"48","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A7652","article-title":"Association between Dural AVFs and cerebral venous thrombosis","volume":"43","author":"Kuiper","year":"2022","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.87.2.0267","article-title":"Redefined role of angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of dural arteriovenous malformations","volume":"87","author":"Lawton","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-018-1980-x","article-title":"Fate of the three embryonic dural sinuses in infants: The primitive tentorial sinus, occipital sinus, and falcine sinus","volume":"60","author":"Mizutani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-15","first-page":"91","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging evidence of an occipital-straight sinus dural arteriovenous fistula causing severe bilateral thalamic oedema: A case report","volume":"66","author":"Moinuddin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hiroshima J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-016-1767-x","article-title":"The oblique occipital sinus: Anatomical study using bone subtraction 3D CT venography","volume":"39","author":"Shin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.5797\/jnet.6.141","article-title":"Dural arteriovenous fistula of the occipital sinus: A case report","volume":"6","author":"Takagi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neuroendovasc Ther"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.01.004","article-title":"Cognard type V dural arteriovenous fistula involving the occipital sinus","volume":"26","author":"Tanaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_958_2024\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e25547","article-title":"The effect of the occipital sinus on the torcular Herophili and neighboring structures","volume":"10","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"}],"container-title":["Surgical Neurology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/dural-arteriovenous-fistulas-of-the-occipital-sinus-secondary-to-trauma-two-case-reports-and-a-review-of-the-literature\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/dural-arteriovenous-fistulas-of-the-occipital-sinus-secondary-to-trauma-two-case-reports-and-a-review-of-the-literature\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T09:40:47Z","timestamp":1736502047000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/dural-arteriovenous-fistulas-of-the-occipital-sinus-secondary-to-trauma-two-case-reports-and-a-review-of-the-literature\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/SNI_958_2024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/sni_958_2024","relation":{},"ISSN":["2152-7806","2229-5097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2152-7806","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2229-5097","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"article-number":"10"}}