{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:57:54Z","timestamp":1785427074461,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007907","name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["15-008-J"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15-008-J"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007907","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]]},"DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2014-8391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,10]],"date-time":"2015-04-10T19:14:42Z","timestamp":1428693282000},"page":"2111-2123","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Progesterone status, parity, body condition, and days postpartum before estrus or ovulation synchronization in suckled beef cattle influence artificial insemination pregnancy outcomes1"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"J. S.","family":"Stevenson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. L.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. A.","family":"Bridges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. E.","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. C.","family":"Lamb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod52.5.1129","article-title":"Effect of persistent follicles on early embryonic losses in beef cows","volume":"52","author":"Ahmad","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2009-2531","article-title":"Factors affecting preovulatory follicle diameter and ovulation rate after gonadotropin-releasing hormone in postpartum beef cows. Part I: Cycling cows","volume":"88","author":"Atkins","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2009-2532","article-title":"Factors affecting preovulatory follicle diameter and ovulation rate after gonadotropin-releasing hormone in postpartum beef cows. Part II: Anestrous cows","volume":"88","author":"Atkins","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2219","DOI":"10.2527\/1999.7782219x","article-title":"Effect of duration of dominance of the ovulatory follicle on onset of estrus and fertility in heifers","volume":"77","author":"Austin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4814","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2011-4880","article-title":"Determination of the appropriate delivery of prostaglandin F2\u03b1 in the five-day CO-Synch + controlled intravaginal drug release protocol in suckled beef cows","volume":"90","author":"Bridges","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3002","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2013-5882","article-title":"Deficiencies in the uterine environment and failure to support embryonic development","volume":"91","author":"Bridges","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2007.12.011","article-title":"Decreasing the interval between GnRH and PGF2\u03b1 from 7 to 5 days and lengthening proestrus increases timed-AI pregnancy rates in beef cows","volume":"69","author":"Bridges","year":"2008","journal-title":"Theriogenology."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-1122","article-title":"Evaluation of human chorionic gonadotropin as a replacement for gonadotropin-releasing hormone in ovulation-synchronization protocols before fixed timed artificial insemination in beef cattle","volume":"86","author":"Burns","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2007.12.005","article-title":"Progesterone concentration, follicular development and induction of cyclicity in dairy cows receiving intravaginal progesterone inserts","volume":"110","author":"Cerri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-08-0242","article-title":"Period of dominance of the ovulatory follicle influences embryo quality in lactating dairy cows","volume":"137","author":"Cerri","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731114000251","article-title":"Parturition to resumption of ovarian cyclicity: Comparative aspects of beef and dairy cows","volume":"8","author":"Crowe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2011.08.024","article-title":"Effect of length of progesterone exposure during ovulatory wave development on pregnancy rate","volume":"77","author":"Dias","year":"2012","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(03)00099-X","article-title":"Effects of nutrition and metabolic status on circulating hormones and ovarian follicle development in cattle","volume":"78","author":"Diskin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2006.08.008","article-title":"Embryo survival in dairy cows managed under pastoral conditions","volume":"96","author":"Diskin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2009.06.025","article-title":"Insemination timing affects pregnancy rates in beef cows treated with CO-Synch protocol including an intravaginal progesterone insert","volume":"72","author":"Dobbins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3060","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2010-3549","article-title":"Factors affecting pregnancy rate to estrous synchronization and fixed-time artificial insemination in beef cattle","volume":"89","author":"Echternkamp","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(83)81910-9","article-title":"Reproductive traits of Holsteins and Jerseys. Effects of age, milk yield, and clinical abnormalities on involution of cervix and uterus, ovulation, estrous cycles, detection of estrus, conception rate and days open","volume":"66","author":"Fonseca","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1093\/ansci\/62.2.92","article-title":"Mechanisms associated with subnormal luteal function","volume":"62","author":"Garverick","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2536","DOI":"10.2527\/2001.79102536x","article-title":"Synchronization of ovulation using GnRH or hCG with the CO-Synch protocol in suckled beef cows","volume":"79","author":"Geary","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2014.03.008","article-title":"Altered progesterone concentrations by hormonal manipulations before a fixed-time artificial insemination CO-Synch + CIDR program in suckled beef cows","volume":"82","author":"Hill","year":"2014","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"issue":"Suppl. 49","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r21","first-page":"493","article-title":"Factors that affect fertility during oestrous cycles with short or normal luteal phases in postpartum cows","volume":"103","author":"Inskeep","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E181","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2009-2349","article-title":"Control of the estrous cycle to improve fertility for fixed-time artificial insemination in beef cattle: A review","volume":"88","author":"Lamb","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.2527\/2001.7992253x","article-title":"Inclusion of an intravaginal progesterone insert plus GnRH and prostaglandin F2a for ovulation control in postpartum suckled beef cows","volume":"79","author":"Lamb","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.2527\/2006.842332x","article-title":"Synchronization of estrus in suckled beef cows for detected estrus and artificial insemination and timed artificial insemination using gonadotropin-releasing hormone, prostaglandin F2a, and progesterone","volume":"84","author":"Larson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2012-5382","article-title":"Effects of equine chorionic gonadotropin on follicle development and pregnancy rates in suckled beef cows with or without calf removal","volume":"91","author":"Marquezini","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.105.045799","article-title":"Molecular evidence that growth of dominant follicles involves a reduction in follicle-stimulating hormone dependence and an increase in luteinizing hormone dependence in cattle","volume":"74","author":"Mihm","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.2527\/1992.7071994x","article-title":"Evaluation of reproductive traits in Bos taurus and Bos indicus crossbred heifers: Relationship of age at puberty to length of the postpartum interval to estrus","volume":"70","author":"Patterson","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3983","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2009-2099","article-title":"Effect of the timing of controlled internal drug-releasing device insertion on the gonadotropin-releasing hormone-induced luteinizing hormone surge and ovulatory response","volume":"87","author":"Perry","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5268","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501700102","article-title":"Relationship between follicle size at insemination and pregnancy success","volume":"102","author":"Perry","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(86)90173-1","article-title":"Ovarian follicular populations during early pregnancy in heifers","volume":"26","author":"Pierson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.2527\/1990.683853x","article-title":"Nutrition and postpartum rebreeding in cattle","volume":"68","author":"Randel","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.4141\/cjas88-003","article-title":"Nutritional and hormonal interrelationships in beef cattle reproduction","volume":"68","author":"Short","year":"1988","journal-title":"Can. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.2527\/1990.683799x","article-title":"Physiological mechanisms controlling anestrus and fertility in postpartum beef cattle","volume":"68","author":"Short","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3743","DOI":"10.2527\/1995.73123743x","article-title":"Fate of the dominant follicle, embryonic survival, and pregnancy rates in dairy cattle treated with prostaglandin F2 alpha and progestins in the absence or presence of a functional corpus luteum","volume":"73","author":"Smith","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.2527\/1995.7351251x","article-title":"Reproductive responses and calf birth and weaning weights as affected by body condition at parturition and postpartum weight gain in primiparous beef cows","volume":"73","author":"Spitzer","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod59.4.777","article-title":"Effect of calf on follicular wave dynamics, gonadotropin and metabolic hormone changes, and interval to first ovulation in beef cows fed either of two energy levels postpartum","volume":"59","author":"Stagg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.15232\/S1080-7446(15)31391-7","article-title":"Incidence of postpartum anestrus in suckled beef cattle: Treatments to induce estrus, ovulation, and conception","volume":"19","author":"Stevenson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prof. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-6226(97)00075-4","article-title":"Review: Interrelationships of lactation and postpartum anovulation in suckled and milked cows","volume":"50","author":"Stevenson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Livest. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.2527\/2003.813571x","article-title":"Supplemental norgestomet, progesterone, or melengestrol acetate increases pregnancy rates in suckled beef cows after timed inseminations","volume":"81","author":"Stevenson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2567","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(06)72333-5","article-title":"Treatment of cycling and noncycling lactating dairy cows with progesterone during Ovsynch","volume":"89","author":"Stevenson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.2527\/2000.7871747x","article-title":"Synchronizing estrus and(or) ovulation in beef cows after combinations of GnRH, norgestomet, and prostaglandin F2\u03b1 with or without timed insemination","volume":"78","author":"Stevenson","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.2527\/1999.7771823x","article-title":"Follicular, hormonal, and pregnancy responses of early postpartum suckled beef cows to GnRH, norgestomet, and prostaglandin F2\u03b1","volume":"77","author":"Thompson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2013.07.019","article-title":"Fertility in Angus cross beef cows following 5-day CO-Synch + CIDR or 7-day CO-Synch + CIDR estrus synchronization and timed artificial insemination","volume":"80","author":"Whittier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.2527\/1990.683831x","article-title":"Suckling as a regulator of postpartum rebreeding in cattle: A review","volume":"68","author":"Williams","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2009-2627","article-title":"Comparison of short-term progestin-based protocols to synchronize estrus and ovulation in postpartum beef cows","volume":"88","author":"Wilson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731114000585","article-title":"Physiological and practical effects of progesterone on reproduction in dairy cattle","volume":"8","author":"Wiltbank","year":"2014","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(00)00323-X","article-title":"Postpartum acyclicity in suckled beef cows: A review","volume":"54","author":"Yavas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(94)00032-P","article-title":"Synchronization of estrus in suckled postpartum beef cows with melengestrol acetate and PGF2\u03b1","volume":"43","author":"Yelich","year":"1995","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180207033806_r49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0970329","article-title":"Concentrations of progesterone and oxytocin receptors in endometrium of postpartum cows expected to have a short or normal oestrous cycle","volume":"97","author":"Zollers","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."}],"container-title":["Journal of Animal Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/93\/5\/2111\/23772229\/2111.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]],"date-time":"2019-08-23T03:27:37Z","timestamp":1566530857000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article\/93\/5\/2111\/4668288"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2527\/jas.2014-8391","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8812","1525-3163"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-8812","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-3163","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]]}}}