{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T16:02:30Z","timestamp":1771603350643,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MIS Quarterly","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper proposes a new type of action research\u2014statistical action research (AR)\u2014along with our guidelines on how to conduct it and how to evaluate it. Statistical AR provides a new toolkit for our discipline that strengthens the scholarly community by contributing to the recent discussion regarding the collaborative nature of qualitative and quantitative techniques. The major methodological contribution of statistical AR is the introduction and demonstration of the use of statistical hypothesis testing in action research, where this contribution is the first instance of not only statistical AR, but also positivist action research, in the information systems discipline. Our approach to AR addresses, from a positivist perspective, perceived weaknesses of AR. Statistical AR fits comfortably within the framework of canonical AR, with the only difference being that statistical AR takes a positivist perspective rather than an interpretive one. As conducted in this study, statistical AR applies, tests, and advances knowledge validation theory in a knowledge management system (KMS) context. The major practical contribution is illustrating to practitioners how to integrate different methods in action research. A secondary practical contribution consists of turning around an instance of an ineffective KMS, as experienced by an organization, into one that is effective.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.25300\/misq\/2018\/14146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]],"date-time":"2018-01-29T13:05:21Z","timestamp":1517231121000},"page":"241-263","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Making Rigorous Research Relevant: Innovating Statistical Action Research1"],"prefix":"10.25300","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Durcikova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oklahoma, 307 West Brooks, AH 305D, Norman, OK 73019-4006 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allen S.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University, 301 West Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284-4000 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan A.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona, 1130 E. Helen Street, McClelland Hall 430, Tucson, AZ 85721-0108 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10933","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"19","key":"2025082212153713800_b1-12_14146_ra_durcikova","first-page":"1","article-title":"Investigating Information Systems with Action Research","volume":"2","author":"Baskerville","year":"1999","journal-title":"Communications of the AIS"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b2-12_14146_ra_durcikova","volume-title":"The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge","author":"Berger","year":"1966"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b3-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.ejis.3000630","article-title":"Are Norms Enough? The Role of Collaborative Norms in Promoting Organizational Knowledge Seeking","volume":"15","author":"Bock","year":"2006","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b4-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2307\/25148669","article-title":"Behavioral Intention Formation in Knowledge Sharing: Examining the Roles of Extrinsic Motivators, Social-Psychological Forces and Organizational Climate","volume":"29","author":"Bock","year":"2005","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b5-12_14146_ra_durcikova","first-page":"25","article-title":"Interpretation, Intervention and Reduction in the Organizational Laboratory: A Framework for In-Context Information Systems Research","volume":"9","author":"Braa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Information and Organization"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212153713800_b6-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2014\/38.3.05","article-title":"Expectation Confirmation: A Test of Six Competing Models","volume":"38","author":"Brown","year":"2014","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b7-12_14146_ra_durcikova","volume-title":"Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research","author":"Campbell","year":"2015"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b8-12_14146_ra_durcikova","volume-title":"What Is this Thing Called Science?","author":"Chalmers","year":"1982"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b9-12_14146_ra_durcikova","first-page":"397","article-title":"From Framework Through Experience to Learning: The Essential Nature of Action Research","volume-title":"Information Systems Research: Contemporary Approaches and Emergent Traditions","author":"Checkland","year":"1991"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b10-12_14146_ra_durcikova","volume-title":"Systems Thinking, Systems Practice","author":"Checkland","year":"1999"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b11-12_14146_ra_durcikova","volume-title":"Learning for Action: A Short Definitive Account of Soft Systems Methodology, and Its Use for Practitioners, Teachers and Students","author":"Checkland","year":"2007"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b12-12_14146_ra_durcikova","volume-title":"Soft Systems Methodology in Action","author":"Checkland","year":"1999"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212153713800_b13-12_14146_ra_durcikova","first-page":"601","article-title":"Radical Developments in Accounting Thoughts","volume":"62","author":"Chua","year":"1986","journal-title":"The Accounting Review"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b14-12_14146_ra_durcikova","first-page":"223","article-title":"The Design and Conduct of Quasi-Experiments and True Experiments in Field Settings","volume-title":"Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology","author":"Cook","year":"1976"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b15-12_14146_ra_durcikova","article-title":"Explaining Theories of Persuasion","volume-title":"Chapter 4 in Applying Communication Theory for Professional Life","author":"Dainton","year":"2011","edition":"2nd"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b16-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2575.2004.00162.x","article-title":"Principles of Canonical Action Research","volume":"14","author":"Davison","year":"2004","journal-title":"Information Systems Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212153713800_b17-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.2307\/41703480","article-title":"The Roles of Theory in Canonical Action Research","volume":"36","author":"Davison","year":"2012","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b18-12_14146_ra_durcikova","first-page":"183","article-title":"Publishing Information Systems Action Research for a Positivist Audience","volume":"19","author":"DeLuca","year":"2007","journal-title":"Communications of the AIS"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212153713800_b19-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.2307\/30036550","article-title":"Rigor in Information Systems Positivist Case Research: Current Practices, Trends, and Recommendations","volume":"27","author":"Dub\u00e9","year":"2003","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212153713800_b20-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222250403","article-title":"How Knowledge Validation Processes Affect Knowledge Contribution","volume":"25","author":"Durcikova","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212153713800_b21-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2007.26586086","article-title":"Methodological Fit in Management Field Research","volume":"32","author":"Edmondson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212153713800_b22-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1177\/001872679304600201","article-title":"Emerging Varieties of Action Research: Introduction to the Special Issue","volume":"46","author":"Elden","year":"1993","journal-title":"Human Relations"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025082212153713800_b23-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2014.03.008","article-title":"If It\u2019s Fair, I\u2019ll Share: The Effect of Knowledge Validation Justice on Contribution to a Knowledge Repository","volume":"51","author":"Fadel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Information & Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212153713800_b24-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222220306","article-title":"The Role of Knowledge Repositories in Technical Support Environments: Speed Versus Learning in User Performance","volume":"22","author":"Gray","year":"2005-2006","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212153713800_b25-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.2307\/30040692","article-title":"The Decision to Blow the Whistle: A Social Information Processing Framework","volume":"28","author":"Gundlach","year":"2003","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b26-12_14146_ra_durcikova","first-page":"163","article-title":"Attribution Theory and Motivation","volume-title":"Organizational Behavior, Theory, and Design in Health Care","author":"Harvey","year":"2008"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b27-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/10628-000","volume-title":"The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations","author":"Heider","year":"1958"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b28-12_14146_ra_durcikova","volume-title":"Communications and Persuasion","author":"Hovland","year":"1953"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212153713800_b29-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1037\/h0059833","article-title":"An Experimental Comparison of Conclusion-Drawing by the Communicator and by the Audience","volume":"47","author":"Hovland","year":"1952","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b30-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.4135\/9781848607934.n33","article-title":"Action Research in Healthcare","volume-title":"The SAGE Handbook of Action Research: Participative Inquiry and Practice","author":"Hughes","year":"2008"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212153713800_b31-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6486.1980.tb00087.x","article-title":"Towards a Definition of Action Research: A Note and a Bibliography","volume":"17","author":"Hult","year":"1980","journal-title":"Journal of Management Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b32-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-2616(02)00072-4","article-title":"Diagnosing and Fighting Knowledge-Sharing Hostility","volume":"31","author":"Husted","year":"2002","journal-title":"Organizational Dynamics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212153713800_b33-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.4018\/joeuc.2013070104","article-title":"Simplicity Is Bliss: Controlling Extraneous Cognitive Load in Online Security Training to Promote Secure Behavior","volume":"25","author":"Jenkins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Organizational and End User Computing"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b34-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/HICSS.2005.602","article-title":"The Issue of System Use in Knowledge Management Systems","author":"Jennex","year":"2005"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212153713800_b35-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.4018\/jkm.2006070104","article-title":"A Model of Knowledge Management Success","volume":"2","author":"Jennex","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212153713800_b36-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2006.20208687","article-title":"The Essential Impact of Context on Organizational Behavior","volume":"31","author":"Johns","year":"2006","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b37-12_14146_ra_durcikova","first-page":"371","article-title":"Action Research","volume-title":"Information Systems Research: Contemporary Approaches and Emergent Traditions","author":"J\u00f6nsonn","year":"1991"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b38-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.2307\/25148670","article-title":"Contributing Knowledge to Electronic Knowledge Repositories: An Empirical Investigation","volume":"29","author":"Kankanhalli","year":"2005","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b39-12_14146_ra_durcikova","volume-title":"Attribution in Social Interaction","author":"Kelley","year":"1971"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b40-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ps.31.020180.002325","article-title":"Attribution Theory and Research","volume":"31","author":"Kelley","year":"1980","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b41-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.2307\/249410","article-title":"A Set of Principles for Conducting and Evaluating Interpretive Field Studies in Information Systems","volume":"23","author":"Klein","year":"1999","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b42-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1108\/13287269780000732","article-title":"Can Action Research Be Made More Rigorous in a Positivist Sense? The Contribution of an Iterative Approach","volume":"1","author":"Kock","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Systems and Information Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b43-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2307\/248698","article-title":"A Scientific Methodology for MIS Case Studies","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"1989","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212153713800_b44-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.2.4.342","article-title":"Integrating Positivist and Interpretive Approaches to Organizational Research","volume":"2","author":"Lee","year":"1991","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212153713800_b45-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.2307\/249762","article-title":"Electronic Mail as a Medium for Rich Communication: An Empirical Investigation Using Hermeneutic Interpretation","volume":"18","author":"Lee","year":"1994","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212153713800_b46-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.14.3.221.16560","article-title":"Generalizing Generalizability in Information Systems Research","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212153713800_b47-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.2307\/20650291","article-title":"A Scientific Basis for Rigor in Information Systems Research","volume":"33","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b48-12_14146_ra_durcikova","first-page":"43","article-title":"Multidimensionality of Leader-Member Exchange: An Empirical Assessment through Scale Development","volume":"24","author":"Liden","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b49-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2011.11.001","article-title":"Exploring Barriers to Knowledge Flow at Different Knowledge Management Maturity Stages","volume":"49","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Information & Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212153713800_b50-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1177\/0170840614559257","article-title":"Fallible Inquiry with Ethical Ends-in-View: A Pragmatist Philosophy of Science for Organizational Research","volume":"36","author":"Martela","year":"2015","journal-title":"Organization Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b51-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1108\/09593840110384771","article-title":"The Dual Imperatives of Action Research","volume":"14","author":"McKay","year":"2001","journal-title":"Information Technology & People"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b52-12_14146_ra_durcikova","first-page":"243","article-title":"Issues for Participatory Action Researchers","volume-title":"New Directions in Action Research","author":"McTaggart","year":"1996"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212153713800_b53-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2013\/37:3.3","article-title":"Critical Realism in Information Systems Research","volume":"37","author":"Mingers","year":"2013","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b54-12_14146_ra_durcikova","volume-title":"Qualitative Research in Business & Management","author":"Myers","year":"2013"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b55-12_14146_ra_durcikova","volume-title":"Persuasion: Theory and Research","author":"O\u2019Keefe","year":"2002"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025082212153713800_b56-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-6486.00205","article-title":"Memory Systems in Organizations: An Empirical Investigation of Mechanisms for Knowledge Collection, Storage and Access","volume":"37","author":"Olivera","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Management Studies"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212153713800_b57-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.2.2.143","article-title":"Studying Information Technology in Organization: Research Approaches and Assumptions","volume":"2","author":"Orlikowski","year":"1991","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b58-12_14146_ra_durcikova","volume-title":"Persuasion in Society","author":"Simons","year":"2001","edition":"1st"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212153713800_b59-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.2307\/2392581","article-title":"An Assessment of the Scientific Merits of Action Research","volume":"23","author":"Susman","year":"1978","journal-title":"Administrative Science Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b60-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2013\/37.1.02","article-title":"Bridging the Qualitative\u2013Quantitative Divide: Guidelines for Mixed-Method Research","volume":"37","author":"Venkatesh","year":"2013","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025082212153713800_b61-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00433","article-title":"Guidelines for Conducting Mixed-Methods Research: An Extension and Illustration","volume":"17","author":"Venkatesh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212153713800_b62-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.2307\/25148667","article-title":"Why Should I Share? Examining Social Capital and Knowledge Contribution in Electronic Networks of Practice","volume":"29","author":"Wasko","year":"2005","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212153713800_b63-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6486.2006.00586.x","article-title":"A Multi-Theoretical Model of Knowledge Transfer in Organizations: Determinants of Knowledge Contribution and Knowledge Reuse","volume":"43","author":"Watson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Management Studies"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b64-12_14146_ra_durcikova","volume-title":"Human Motivation","author":"Weiner","year":"1980"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212153713800_b65-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.92.4.548","article-title":"An Attribution Theory of Achievement Motivation and Emotion","volume":"92","author":"Weiner","year":"1985","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"2025082212153713800_b66-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-4948-1","volume-title":"An Attributional Theory of Motivation and Emotion","author":"Weiner","year":"1986"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212153713800_b67-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1965.16.2.576","article-title":"Delay of Reinforcement and Delay of Punishment in Persuasive Communication","volume":"16","author":"Weiss","year":"1965","journal-title":"Psychological Reports"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212153713800_b68-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.2307\/258554","article-title":"What Constitutes a Theoretical Contribution?","volume":"14","author":"Whetten","year":"1989","journal-title":"The Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212153713800_b69-12_14146_ra_durcikova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.2307\/41166000","article-title":"Developing a Knowledge Strategy","volume":"41","author":"Zack","year":"1999","journal-title":"California Management Review"}],"container-title":["MIS Quarterly"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/misq.umn.edu\/misq\/article-pdf\/42\/1\/241\/6091\/12_14146_ra_durcikova.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/misq.umn.edu\/misq\/article-pdf\/42\/1\/241\/6091\/12_14146_ra_durcikova.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T16:18:03Z","timestamp":1755879483000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/misq.umn.edu\/misq\/article\/42\/1\/241\/1692\/Making-Rigorous-Research-Relevant-Innovating"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25300\/misq\/2018\/14146","relation":{},"ISSN":["0276-7783","2162-9730"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0276-7783","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-9730","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]}}}