{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T08:50:23Z","timestamp":1768726223511,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MIS Quarterly","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent statistics indicate that most organizations prefer to fill IT vacancies by rehiring IT professionals who previously worked in the organization. Less is known about what drives IT professionals to \u201cturnback,\u201d a term we define as returning to employment with a former employer. To explain this important and rarely considered IT job mobility behavior, we build on job embeddedness theory and on the concepts of shocks and job dissatisfaction from, among others, the unfolding model of voluntary turnover to develop the theory of IT professional turnback. We perform fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) of data collected from 248 IT professionals to draw conclusions about the intention among IT professionals to return to work for a former employer, and develop a midrange theory. Our results reveal two configurations contributing to high turnback intention and three configurations contributing to low turnback intention. Our model distinguishes between work shocks, personal shocks, and IT work shocks. IT shocks are a new category of shocks specific to the IT profession. We contribute theoretically by theorizing a behavior relevant to IT professionals and explaining attributes driving turnback intention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.25300\/misq\/2021\/16033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T15:59:32Z","timestamp":1649779172000},"page":"1777-1806","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Turnback Intention: An Analysis of the Drivers of IT Professionals\u2019 Intentions to Return to a Former Employer"],"prefix":"10.25300","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Maier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Systems and Services, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Laumer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Information Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg Nuremberg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Business School, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Mattke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Systems and Services, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Weitzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Systems and Services, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany"}]}],"member":"10933","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b1-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/25148778","article-title":"IT Road Warriors: Balancing work-family conflict, job autonomy, and work overload to mitigate turnover intentions","volume":"31","author":"Ahuja","year":"2007","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b2-05_16033_ra_maier","first-page":"1","article-title":"IT Professionals and the IT Profession","volume-title":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Management","author":"Ang","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b3-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2015\/39.3.10","article-title":"Exhaustion from Information System Career Experience: Implications for Turn-Away Intention","volume":"39","author":"Armstrong","year":"2015","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b4-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.2307\/41409963","article-title":"Technostress: Technological Antecedents and Implications","volume":"35","author":"Ayyagari","year":"2011","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b5-05_16033_ra_maier","first-page":"15","article-title":"The Role of Measurement in Theory Construction and Hypothesis Testing: Toward a Holistic Model","volume-title":"Conceptual and Theoretical Developments in Marketing","author":"Bagozzi","year":"1979"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b6-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1108\/00483481111133363","article-title":"Factors affecting intention to quit among IT professionals in Turkey","volume":"40","author":"Calisir","year":"2011","journal-title":"Personnel Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b7-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2013.0663","article-title":"Fuzzy Logic and the Market: A Configurational Approach to Investor Perceptions of Acquisition Announcements","volume":"59","author":"Campbell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212252973900_b8-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1037\/h0046016","article-title":"Convergent and Discriminant Validation by the Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix","volume":"56","author":"Campell","year":"1959","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b9-05_16033_ra_maier","volume-title":"Reliability and Validity Assessment","author":"Carmines","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b10-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2015\/39.4.9","article-title":"Me, My Self, and I(T): Conceptualizing Information Technology Identity and its Implications","volume":"39","author":"Carter","year":"2015","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025082212252973900_b11-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2010.0697","article-title":"Faking It or Muddling Through?: Understanding Decoupling in Response to Stakeholder Pressures","volume":"55","author":"Crilly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b12-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.92.4.1031","article-title":"Development of a Global Measure of Job Embeddedness and Integration Into a Traditional Model of Voluntary Turnover","volume":"92","author":"Crossley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b13-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2007.23463682","article-title":"Exploring Intuition and its Role in Managerial Decision Making","volume":"32","author":"Dane","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Academy of Management Review"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b14-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-2271-7","volume-title":"Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior","author":"Deci","year":"1985"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b15-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00392","article-title":"Does Professionalism Matter in the IT Workforce? An Empirical Examination of IT professionals","volume":"16","author":"Dinger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b16-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2011.2153204","article-title":"The Grass is Always Greener on The Other Side: A Test of Present and Alternative Job Utility on IT Professionals\u2019 Turnover","volume":"59","author":"Dinger","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212252973900_b17-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.2307\/258704","article-title":"Typologies As a Unique Form Of Theory Building: Toward Improved Understanding and Modeling","volume":"19","author":"Doty","year":"1994","journal-title":"The Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b18-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1108\/00483481011012809","article-title":"An Integrative Review of Employer Branding and OB theory","volume":"39","author":"Edwards","year":"2009","journal-title":"Personnel Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b19-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1080\/10580530.2015.1080001","article-title":"How Can Organization Retain IT Personnel? Impact of IT Manager\u2019s Leadership on IT Personnel\u2019s Intention to Stay","volume":"32","author":"Eom","year":"2015","journal-title":"Information Systems Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b20-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1110.0413","article-title":"Synergy and Its Limits in Managing Information Technology Professionals","volume":"23","author":"Ferratt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b21-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2007.26586092","article-title":"A Set-Theoretic Approach to Organizational Configurations","volume":"32","author":"Fiss","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212252973900_b22-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2011.60263120","article-title":"Building Better Causal Theories: A Fuzzy Set Approach to Typologies in Organization Research","volume":"54","author":"Fiss","year":"2011","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b23-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/002224378101800104","article-title":"Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error","volume":"18","author":"Fornell","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b24-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00387","article-title":"Interrupting the Workplace: Examining Stressors in an Information Technology Context","volume":"16","author":"Galluch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b25-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1177\/1476127018786487","article-title":"Studying Configurations with Qualitative Comparative Analysis: Best Practices in Strategy and Organization Research","volume":"16","author":"Greckhamer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Strategic Organization"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b26-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.2307\/25148742","article-title":"The Nature of Theory in Information Systems","volume":"30","author":"Gregor","year":"2006","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b27-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.3.3.273","article-title":"Determinants of Turnover Intentions: Comparing IC and IS Personnel","volume":"3","author":"Guimaraes","year":"1992","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212252973900_b28-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1177\/014920638701300207","article-title":"Careers and Socialization","volume":"13","author":"Hall","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Management"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b29-05_16033_ra_maier","unstructured":"Hannon, K.\n          \u20082015. \u201cWelcome Back: Boomerang Employees Are on The Rise,\u201d https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryhannon\/2015\/09\/07\/welcome-back-boomerang-employees-are-on-the-rise\/#30f77e773d5f."},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b30-05_16033_ra_maier","article-title":"A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling","author":"Henseler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b31-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(92)90002-J","article-title":"Order Effects in Belief Updating: The Belief-Adjustment Model","volume":"24","author":"Hogarth","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cognitive Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212252973900_b32-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2011.12.006","article-title":"How Negative Affectivity Moderates the Relationship between Shocks, Embeddedness and Worker Behaviors","volume":"80","author":"Holtom","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Vocational Behavior"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b33-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1002\/hrm.20074","article-title":"Shocks as Causes of Turnover: What They Are and How Organizations Can Manage Them","volume":"44","author":"Holtom","year":"2005","journal-title":"Human Resource Management"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b34-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.2307\/3069441","article-title":"Toward a Greater Understanding of How Dissatisfaction Drives Employee Turnover","volume":"44","author":"Hom","year":"2001","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b35-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1037\/apl0000103","article-title":"One Hundred Years of Employee Turnover Theory and Research","volume":"102","author":"Hom","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025082212252973900_b36-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027983","article-title":"Reviewing Employee Turnover: Focusing on Proximal Withdrawal States and an Expanded Criterion","volume":"138","author":"Hom","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212252973900_b37-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0266(199902)20:2<195::AID-SMJ13>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"Use of Partial Least Squares (PLS) in Strategic Management Research: A Review of Four Recent Studies","volume":"20","author":"Hulland","year":"1999","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b38-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.75.4.887","article-title":"Negative Information Weighs More Heavily on the Brain: The Negativity Bias in Evaluative Categorizations","volume":"75","author":"Ito","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212252973900_b39-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1145\/1646353.1646391","article-title":"Practical Intelligence in IT","volume":"53","author":"Joseph","year":"2010","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b40-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.2014.0558","article-title":"Turnover or Turnaway? Competing Risk Analysis of Male and Female IT Professionals\u2019 Job Mobility and Relative Pay Gap","volume":"26","author":"Joseph","year":"2015","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212252973900_b41-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.2307\/41703462","article-title":"The Career Paths Less (or More) Traveled: A Sequence Analysis of IT Career Histories, Mobility Patterns, and Career Success","volume":"36","author":"Joseph","year":"2012","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b42-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.2307\/25148807","article-title":"Turnover of Information Technology Professionals: A Narrative Review, Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling, and Model Development","volume":"31","author":"Joseph","year":"2007","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b43-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.91.1.126","article-title":"Hostility, Job Attitudes, and Workplace Deviance: Test of a Multilevel Model","volume":"91","author":"Judge","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b44-05_16033_ra_maier","article-title":"In with the Old? Examining When Boomerang Employees Outperform New Hires","author":"Keller","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b45-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01014043","article-title":"How Job Dissatisfaction Leads to Employee Turnover","volume":"2","author":"Lee","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Business and Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b46-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091244","article-title":"The Story of Why We Stay: A Review of Job Embeddedness","volume":"1","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b47-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.5465\/amp.2016.0123","article-title":"On the Next Decade of Research in Voluntary Employee Turnover","volume":"31","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Academy of Management Perspectives"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b48-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2307\/258835","article-title":"An Alternative Approach: The Unfolding Model of Voluntary Employee Turnover","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"1994","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b49-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.2307\/257015","article-title":"The Unfolding Model of Voluntary Turnover: A Replication and Extension","volume":"42","author":"Lee","year":"1999","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025082212252973900_b50-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.2307\/20159613","article-title":"The Effects of Job Embeddedness on Organizational Citizenship, Job Performance, Volitional Absences, and Voluntary Turnover","volume":"47","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b51-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.2307\/257575","article-title":"Organizational\/Environmental Interchange: A Model of Boundary Spanning Activity","volume":"3","author":"Leifer","year":"1978","journal-title":"The Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b52-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.2016.0652","article-title":"Research Note: Designing Promotion Ladders to Mitigate Turnover of IT Professionals","volume":"27","author":"MacCrory","year":"2016","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b53-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s11573-014-0759-8","article-title":"Information Technology as Daily Stressor: Pinning Down the Causes of Burnout","volume":"85","author":"Maier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Business Economics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b54-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1145\/2843824.2843827","article-title":"Who Really Quits? A Longitudinal Analysis of Voluntary Turnover among IT Personnel","volume":"46","author":"Maier","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACM SIGMIS Database"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025082212252973900_b55-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1080\/0960085X.2019.1614739","article-title":"Technostress and the Hierarchical Levels of Personality: A Two-Wave Study with Multiple Data Samples","volume":"28","author":"Maier","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b56-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102207","article-title":"Smartphone Use While Driving: A Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Personality Profiles Influencing Frequent High-Risk Smartphone Use While Driving in Germany","volume":"55","author":"Maier","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b57-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.2307\/249561","article-title":"Change Agentry: The Next IS Frontier","volume":"20","author":"Markus","year":"1996","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025082212252973900_b58-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2020.103370","article-title":"Herd Behavior in Social Media: The Role of Facebook Likes, Strength of Ties, and Expertise","volume":"57","author":"Mattke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Information & Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b59-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1080\/0960085X.2020.1787109","article-title":"Bitcoin Investment: A Mixed Methods Study of Investment Motivations","volume":"30","author":"Mattke","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b60-05_16033_ra_maier","article-title":"Qualitative comparative analysis in the information systems discipline: a literature review and methodological recommendations","author":"Mattke","journal-title":"Internet Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b61-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1177\/0149206316679252","article-title":"Embracing Causal Complexity","volume":"43","author":"Misangyi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025082212252973900_b62-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.2307\/3069391","article-title":"Why People Stay: Using Job Embeddedness to Predict Voluntary Turnover","volume":"44","author":"Mitchell","year":"2001","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b63-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.1070.0778","article-title":"Human Capital and Institutional Effects in the Compensation of Information Technology Professionals in the United States","volume":"54","author":"Mithas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b64-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.2307\/3250982","article-title":"One Road to Turnover. An Examination of Work Exhaustion in Technology Professionals","volume":"24","author":"Moore","year":"2000","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b65-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leaqua.2006.02.006","article-title":"Event Criticality, Urgency, and Duration: Understanding How Events Disrupt Teams and Influence Team Leader Intervention","volume":"17","author":"Morgeson","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Leadership Quarterly"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b66-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2012.0099","article-title":"Event System Theory: An Event-Oriented Approach to the Organizational Sciences","volume":"40","author":"Morgeson","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025082212252973900_b67-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1057\/ejis.2009.37","article-title":"Another Road to IT Turnover: The Entrepreneurial Path","volume":"18","author":"Mourmant","year":"2009","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b68-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4135\/9781036208417","volume-title":"Qualitative Research in Business and Management","author":"Myers","year":"2009"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b69-05_16033_ra_maier","first-page":"114","article-title":"The Q-Sort Method: Assessing Reliability and Construct Validity of Questionnaire Items at a Pre-Testing Stage","volume":"1","author":"Nahm","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Statistics"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b70-05_16033_ra_maier","unstructured":"Nezich, H.\n          \u20082019. \u201cEmployers Open to Boomerang Employees\u2014But Most Employees Not Interested,\u201d ASE, https:\/\/www.Aseonline.org\/News\/EverythingPeople-This-Week\/ArtMID\/543\/ArticleID\/1705\/Employers-Open-to-Boomerang-Employees--But-Most-Employees-Not-Interested."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b71-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1348\/096317906X130582","article-title":"Determinants of job mobility: A theoretical integration and extension","volume":"80","author":"Ng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025082212252973900_b72-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.4018\/irmj.2004100103","article-title":"Effects of Tasks, Salaries, and Shocks on Job Satisfaction Among MIS Professionals","volume":"17","author":"Niederman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Information Resources Management Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b73-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/hrm.20167","article-title":"Testing and extending the unfolding model of voluntary turnover to it professionals","volume":"46","author":"Niederman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Human Resource Management"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025082212252973900_b74-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00467","article-title":"The Role of Business Intelligence and Communication Technologies in Organizational Agility: A Configurational Approach","volume":"18","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025082212252973900_b75-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2187","article-title":"The uncrowded window of object recognition","volume":"11","author":"Pelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b76-05_16033_ra_maier","article-title":"Personality Profiles that Put Users at Risk of Perceiving Technostress: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis with the Big Five Personality Traits","author":"Pfl\u00fcgner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Business & Information Systems Engineering"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b77-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-120710-100452","article-title":"Sources of Method Bias in Social Science Research and Recommendations on How to Control It","volume":"63","author":"Podsakoff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"issue":"03","key":"2025082212252973900_b78-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1093\/pan\/mpj019","article-title":"Set Relations in Social Research: Evaluating Their Consistency and Coverage","volume":"14","author":"Ragin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Political Analysis"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b79-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ragin, C. C.\n          \u20082008. \u201cMeasurement Versus Calibration: A Set-Theoretic Approach,\u201d in The Oxford Handbook of Political Methodology, J. M.\u2008Box-Steffensmeier, H. E.\u2008Brady, and D.\u2008Collier (eds.) Oxford, https:\/\/www.oxfordhandbooks.com\/view\/10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780199286546.001.0001\/oxfordhb-9780199286546-e-8","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780199286546.003.0008"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b80-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.4135\/9781452226569.n5","article-title":"Qualitative comparative analysis using fuzzy sets (fsQCA)","volume-title":"Configurational Comparative Methods: Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and Related Techniques","author":"Ragin","year":"2009"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b81-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520957350","volume-title":"The Comparative Method: Moving beyond Qualitative and Quantitative Strategies","author":"Ragin","year":"2014"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b82-05_16033_ra_maier","volume-title":"Fuzzy-Set\/Qualitative Comparative Analysis 3.0","author":"Ragin","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b83-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/25148826","article-title":"Toward Improving the Relevance of Information Systems Research to Practice: The Role of Applicability Checks","volume":"32","author":"Rosemann","year":"2008","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b84-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/peps.12226","article-title":"Surveying the Forest: A Meta-Analysis, Moderator Investigation, and Future-Oriented Discussion of the Antecedents of Voluntary Employee Turnover","volume":"71","author":"Rubenstein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Personnel Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212252973900_b85-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1111\/peps.12039","article-title":"Gone Today but here Tomorrow: Extending the Unfolding Model of Turnover to Consider Boomerang Employees","volume":"67","author":"Shipp","year":"2014","journal-title":"Personnel Psychology"},{"key":"2025082212252973900_b86-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4135\/9781452231549","volume-title":"Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Cause, and Consequences","author":"Spector","year":"1997"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025082212252973900_b87-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1037\/apl0000200","article-title":"Employees on the Rebound: Extending the Careers Literature to Include Boomerang Employment","volume":"102","author":"Swider","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025082212252973900_b88-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2016\/40.1.01","article-title":"An Exploratory Study of the Formation and Impact of Electronic Service Failures","volume":"40","author":"Tan","year":"2016","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212252973900_b89-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2017\/41.2.09","article-title":"Person-Organization and Person-Job Fit Perceptions of New IT Employees: Work Outcomes and Gender Differences","volume":"41","author":"Venkatesh","year":"2017","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025082212252973900_b90-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2015.10.010","article-title":"QCA and Business Research: Work in Progress or a Consolidated Agenda?","volume":"69","author":"Wagemann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025082212252973900_b91-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2063(03)00084-9","article-title":"Recent Advances in Causal Modeling Methods for Organizational and Management Research","volume":"29","author":"Williams","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212252973900_b92-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.60.2.181","article-title":"Thinking Too Much: Introspection Can Reduce the Quality of Preferences and Decisions","volume":"60","author":"Wilson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025082212252973900_b93-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrmr.2012.02.004","article-title":"A Review of Job Embeddedness: Conceptual, Measurement Issues, and Directions for Future Research","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Human Resource Management Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025082212252973900_b94-05_16033_ra_maier","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1108\/00483480910931316","article-title":"The Impact of Job Performance on Employee Turnover Intentions and the Voluntary Turnover Process: A Meta-Analysis and Path Model","volume":"38","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Personnel Review"}],"container-title":["MIS Quarterly"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/misq.umn.edu\/misq\/article-pdf\/45\/4\/1777\/7214\/05_16033_ra_maier.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/misq.umn.edu\/misq\/article-pdf\/45\/4\/1777\/7214\/05_16033_ra_maier.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T16:26:15Z","timestamp":1755879975000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/misq.umn.edu\/misq\/article\/45\/4\/1777\/1893\/Turnback-Intention-An-Analysis-of-the-Drivers-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"references-count":94,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25300\/misq\/2021\/16033","relation":{},"ISSN":["0276-7783","2162-9730"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0276-7783","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-9730","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]}}}