{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T15:58:09Z","timestamp":1780847889407,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"MIS Quarterly","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MISQ"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper addresses a thus-far neglected dimension in human-artificial intelligence (AI) augmentation: machine-induced reflections. By establishing a grounded theoretical-informed model of machine-induced reflection, we contribute to the ongoing discussion in information systems (IS) regarding AI and research on reflection theories. In our multistage study, physicians used a machine learning-based (ML) clinical decision support system (CDSS) to see if and how this interaction can stimulate reflective practice in the context of an X-ray diagnosis task. By analyzing verbal protocols, performance metrics, and survey data, we developed an integrative theoretical foundation to explain how ML-based systems can help stimulate reflective practice. Individuals engage in more critical or shallower modes depending on whether they perceive a conflict or agreement with these CDSS systems, which in turn leads to different levels of reflection depth. By uncovering the process of machine-induced reflections, we offer IS research a different perspective on how such AI-based systems can help individuals become more reflective, and consequently more effective, professionals. This perspective stands in stark contrast to the traditional, efficiency-focused view of ML-based decision support systems and also enriches theories on human-AI augmentation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.25300\/misq\/2022\/16773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T20:22:10Z","timestamp":1705954930000},"page":"1395-1424","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["How AI-Based Systems Can Induce Reflections: The Case of AI-Augmented Diagnostic Work"],"prefix":"10.25300","volume":"47","author":[{"name":"Goethe University Frankfurt am Main","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Abdel-Karim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5891-1013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Pfeuffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Goethe University Frankfurt am Main","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4655-1046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K. Valerie","family":"Carl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Goethe University Frankfurt am Main","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4757-0599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Hinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Goethe University Frankfurt am Main","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10933","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"container-title":["MIS Quarterly"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T20:22:12Z","timestamp":1705954932000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/misq.umn.edu\/how-ai-based-systems-can-induce-reflections-the-case-of-ai-augmented-diagnostic-work.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25300\/misq\/2022\/16773","relation":{},"ISSN":["0276-7783","2162-9730"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0276-7783","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-9730","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]}}}