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We found that EBV, which transforms B cells, renders them susceptible to HIV-1 infection in a CXCR4 and CD4-dependent manner in vitro and that CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 integrates into the genome of these B cells with the same molecular profile as in autologous CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells. In addition, we established a humanized mouse model to investigate the in vivo interactions of EBV and HIV-1 upon coinfection. The respective mice that reconstitute human immune system components upon transplantation with CD34<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> human hematopoietic progenitor cells could recapitulate aspects of EBV and HIV immunobiology observed in dual-infected patients. Upon coinfection of humanized mice, EBV\/HIV dual-infected B cells could be detected, but were susceptible to CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T-cell\u2013mediated immune control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.26508\/lsa.202000640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]],"date-time":"2020-06-23T21:35:32Z","timestamp":1592948132000},"page":"e202000640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26508\/lsa.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["EBV renders B cells susceptible to HIV-1 in humanized mice"],"prefix":"10.26508","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3791-0038","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Donal","family":"McHugh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Z\u00fcrich, Z\u00fcrich, 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