{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T23:48:25Z","timestamp":1789775305143,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Life Science Alliance, LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000897","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Leir17G0, Harris 18P0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Leir17G0, Harris 18P0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 HD068901 and R01 HL094585"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HD068901 and R01 HL094585"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["life-science-alliance.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Life Sci. Alliance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Spermatozoa released from the testis are unable to fertilize an egg without a coordinated process of maturation in the lumen of the epididymis. Relatively little is known about the molecular events that integrate this critical progression along the male genital ducts in man. Here, we use single cell RNA-sequencing to construct an atlas of the human proximal epididymis. We find that the CFTR, which is pivotal in normal epididymis fluid transport, is most abundant in surface epithelial cells in the efferent ducts and in rare clear cells in the caput epididymis, suggesting region-specific functional properties. We reveal transcriptional signatures for multiple cell clusters, which identify the individual roles of principal, apical, narrow, basal, clear, halo, and stromal cells in the epididymis. A marked cell type\u2013specific distribution of function is seen along the duct with local specialization of individual cell types integrating processes of sperm maturation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.26508\/lsa.202000744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T23:00:24Z","timestamp":1598569224000},"page":"e202000744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26508\/lsa.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["An atlas of human proximal epididymis reveals cell-specific functions and distinct roles for CFTR"],"prefix":"10.26508","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9524-3379","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shih-Hsing","family":"Leir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4366-2189","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shiyi","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1980-2543","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jenny L","family":"Kerschner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilmel","family":"Cosme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6541-2546","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ann","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"12380","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1996.tb01776.x","article-title":"Apical and narrow cells are distinct cell types differing in their structure, distribution, and functions in the adult rat epididymis","volume":"17","author":"Adamali","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90198-1"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4314"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034996"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-012-1381-0"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.2000.278.5.c885"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.113.110403"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00007.2013"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.165946"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0496-470"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.01.004"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12629"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2016.01.021"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gav066"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gau075"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.082"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmn055"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E04-10-0878"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2006.06.026"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.03.007"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2004.09.015"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.22","first-page":"27","article-title":"[Genomic study in patients with idiopathic azoospermia and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia]","volume":"52","author":"Damyanova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Akush Ginekol (Sofiia)"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.116.138768"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4238\/2015.december.7.17"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.106.059246"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117028"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201412041"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/8.4.297"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.142.2.854"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.143.7.2787"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.113.1.305","article-title":"Expression of the cystic fibrosis gene in human development","volume":"113","author":"Harris","year":"1991","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.92.4.687","article-title":"Ductal epithelial cells cultured from human foetal epididymis and vas deferens: Relevance to sterility in cystic fibrosis","volume":"92","author":"Harris","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.110.012831"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hess RA (2002) The Efferent Ductules: Structure and function. In The Epididymis: From Molecular to Clinical Practice Comprehensive Survey of the Efferent Ducts, the Epididymis and the Vas Deferens. Robaire B , Hinton B (eds.). pp 49\u201380. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0679-9_4"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)61343-0"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod65.3.696"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.1080370203"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E04-11-1010"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.39","first-page":"569","article-title":"Abnormality of the epididymis and vas deferens in cystic fibrosis","volume":"88","author":"Landing","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch Pathol"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12745"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.11.022"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-020-03208-7"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biolreprod\/64.5.1509"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.115.133967"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0393-7"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.100149"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.116.144857"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12635"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0394-6"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01994360"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2019.00730"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-11-59"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.21361"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2016.12.016"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2015.01.013"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.01.24.918979"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robaire B , Hinton B (2002) The Epididymis: From Molecules to Clinical Practice. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0679-9"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3192"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12957"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod61.3.705"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00519.2007"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-019-09813-3"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.01.05.895052"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.027284"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.10.020"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12745"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmw015"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7262.2007.00300.x"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gam051"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod38.2.463"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/2.3.213"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gay029"},{"key":"2020082716000797000_3.11.e202000744.73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13903"}],"container-title":["Life Science Alliance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.26508\/lsa.202000744","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T18:28:02Z","timestamp":1723487282000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.life-science-alliance.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.26508\/lsa.202000744"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.26508\/lsa.202000744"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26508\/lsa.202000744","relation":{},"ISSN":["2575-1077"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2575-1077","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]}}}