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Alliance"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The discovery of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has provided a new perspective on the centrality of RNA in gene regulation and genome organization. Here, we screened for lncRNAs with putative functions in the host response to single-stranded RNA respiratory viruses. We identify\n                    <jats:italic>CARINH<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a conserved cis-acting lncRNA up-regulated in three respiratory diseases to control the expression of its antisense gene\n                    <jats:italic>IRF1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a key transcriptional regulator of the antiviral response.\n                    <jats:italic>CARINH<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>IRF1<\/jats:italic>\n                    are coordinately increased in the circulation of patients infected with human metapneumovirus, influenza A virus, or SARS-CoV-2, and in macrophages in response to viral infection or TLR3 agonist treatment. Targeted depletion of\n                    <jats:italic>CARINH<\/jats:italic>\n                    or its mouse ortholog\n                    <jats:italic>Carinh<\/jats:italic>\n                    in macrophages reduces the expression of IRF1\/Irf1 and their associated target gene networks, increasing susceptibility to viral infection. Accordingly, CRISPR-mediated deletion of\n                    <jats:italic>Carinh<\/jats:italic>\n                    in mice reduces antiviral immunity, increasing viral burden upon sublethal challenge with influenza A virus. Together, these findings identify a conserved role of lncRNA\n                    <jats:italic>CARINH<\/jats:italic>\n                    in coordinating interferon-stimulated genes and antiviral immune responses.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.26508\/lsa.202403021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T14:06:22Z","timestamp":1736258782000},"page":"e202403021","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26508\/lsa.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["lncRNA\n                    <i>CARINH<\/i>\n                    regulates expression and function of innate immune transcription factor IRF1 in macrophages"],"prefix":"10.26508","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Yannick","family":"Cyr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0190ak572","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, New York 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