{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T21:18:35Z","timestamp":1788383915564,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"background\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endurance athletes (EA) with lung disease and allergic inflammation have worse performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"purpose\">\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine whether pharmacological treatment can reduce airway disorders such as exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and allergic inflammatory response (AIR) in EA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"study-design\">\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective, controlled clinical trial<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>EA who were marathon runners underwent eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation (EVH) for screening assessment. EA who fulfilled the criteria for an EIB+ after an EVH were included in the treatment group (EIB+; n=13), and those who did not were included in the control group (CON; n=18). The athletes were assessed before and 30 days after the intervention. Outcomes included cardiopulmonary exercise testing, lung function, allergic symptoms (allergic questionnaire for athletes [AQUA\u00a9]), AIR (T helper [Th]-1, Th2, and Th17 lymphocytes in cell cultures), inflammatory mediator expression, salivary immunoglobulin (Ig)A, blood cortisol, blood IgE levels, and airway inflammation (fraction exhaled nitric oxide [FeNO]). Both groups were advised to keep the same training routine, and only the EIB+ received pharmacological treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (400-800 mcg\/day) and long-acting bronchodilators (12 mcg\/day). The CON and EIB+ groups underwent the same assessments after the intervention and were compared pre- and post-intervention, and effect sizes were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>EIB+ (males, age 28.1\u00b17.4 years, BMI 20.3\u00b11.0 kg\/m2) CON (males, age 29.8\u00b16.5 years, BMI 20.5\u00b11.6 kg\/m2) participated. At baseline, the O2 peak, lung function, allergic symptoms, IgE, IgA, FeNO levels, and AIR were not significancly different between groups (p&gt;0.05). After pharmacological treatment, only the EIB+ group showed a decrease in EIB (p&lt;0.001) and an increase in VO2peak compared to baseline (p&lt;0.05). However, no difference was observed in the expression of inflammatory mediators (p&gt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"conclusion\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pharmacological treatment reduces EIB and increases the aerobic perforance\/fitness in endurance athletes. These benefits occur without modification of the AIR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"level-of-evidence\">\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level II- Prospective Comparative Study<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.141859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T23:45:04Z","timestamp":1754005504000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Pharmacological Treatment on Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction and Allergic Inflammatory Response in Endurance Athletes"],"prefix":"10.26603","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1237-3595","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ronaldo Aparecido da","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Assistance for State Public Servants of S\u00e3o Paulo","department":["Strictly Academic Postgraduate Program"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata Nakata","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/036rp1748","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","department":["Physical Therapy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerson dos Santos","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/036rp1748","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","department":["Physical Therapy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosana C.","family":"Agondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/036rp1748","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","department":["Clinical Immunology and Allergy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Gorj\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05k8pq072","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul","department":["Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina Maria","family":"Kokron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/036rp1748","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","department":["Clinical Immunology and Allergy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yara Nely","family":"Fiks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/036rp1748","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","department":["Physical Therapy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celso Ricardo Fernandes","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/036rp1748","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","department":["Physical Therapy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"11140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Global strategy for asthma management and prevention","author":"Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA)","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.05.029","article-title":"Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction update 2016","volume":"138","author":"J. 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