{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:39:54Z","timestamp":1785415194596,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762041600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"background\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is common among adolescent athletes, particularly baseball players; however, its association with body composition remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"purpose\">\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the relationship between body composition parameters and the presence of CLBP in high-school baseball players.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"study-design\">\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Male high-school baseball players were recruited and divided into the CLBP and non-CLBP groups. CLBP was defined as low back pain rated \u22653 on the numerical rating scale (NRS) and lasting &gt;12 weeks. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis in the first year of high school. Logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with CLBP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety male baseball players participated (mean age: 16.8\u00b10.4 years, during second year). The CLBP group (n=31) showed significantly higher percentage body fat (PBF), body fat mass (BFM), BFM index, and trunk fat mass compared with the non-LBP group (n=59). Logistic regression analysis identified first-year NRS scores (odds ratio [OR]: 2.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.46\u20133.21) and PBF (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.05\u20131.51) as significant predictors of CLBP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"conclusion\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated body fat percentage and elevated pain intensity in early high-school years were associated with the development of CLBP among high-school baseball players. Regular monitoring of body composition and early intervention based on pain levels may effectively prevent CLBP in adolescent baseball players, thereby supporting better long-term athletic performance and health outcomes<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"level-of-evidence\">\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3b<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.146018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T16:52:40Z","timestamp":1761929560000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between Body Composition Characteristics and Chronic Low Back Pain in High-School Baseball Players: A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.26603","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0557-4404","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hidetoshi","family":"Nakao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/039pch476","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Josai International University","department":["Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Social Work Studies"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taro","family":"Hamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka Global Orthopedic Hospital","department":["Department of Rehabilitation"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rinpei","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka Global Orthopedic Hospital","department":["Department of Rehabilitation"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsumasa","family":"Hida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04bn56254","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University","department":["School of Rehabilitation"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Morifuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/039pch476","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Josai International University","department":["Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Social Work Studies"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"11140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2019.03.004","article-title":"Ultrasonography of multifidus muscle morphology and function in ice hockey players with and without low back pain","volume":"37","author":"M. 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