{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T08:30:22Z","timestamp":1777883422265,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"background\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The countermovement jump (CMJ) is commonly used to assess neuromuscular performance in athletic populations; however, force plate\u2013derived mechanical metrics may not fully reflect central nervous system (CNS) contributions to persistent deficits following musculoskeletal injury. Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) offers cortical-level measures that may complement force plate assessments and provide additional insight into neuromuscular function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"purpose\">\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore neuromechanical, movement quality, and cortical activation patterns during countermovement jump performance in previously injured and non-injured Division I football athletes using an integrated force plate, functional movement, and qEEG assessment approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"study-design\">\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exploratory cross-sectional observational study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ten male NCAA Division I football athletes were recruited for participation, five with history of lower extremity injury and five uninjured controls. All subjects completed a qEEG cognitive baseline then CMJ testing on a force-plate with synchronized qEEG. Outcomes included reactive strength index\u2013modified (RSI Mod), jump height, peak landing force, reaction time, Stroop accuracy, and functional movement assessment (FMA) observations. Data were analyzed descriptively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with controls, previously injured athletes demonstrated lower RSI Mod (\u224843% lower), reduced jump height (\u224836% lower), and lower peak landing force (\u224816% lower). Reaction times were modestly slower, with small interlimb differences. Stroop accuracy was comparable; however, injured athletes scored lower on sustained attention under task demands. FMA observations indicated greater single leg asymmetry and diminished step down control. qEEG sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) patterns showed greater asymmetry in motor related regions in the injured cohort, consistent with altered cortical activation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"conclusion\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medically cleared Division I football athletes with history of lower extremity injury demonstrated concurrent neuromechanical, movement quality, and neurophysiological differences during CMJ performance compared with uninjured controls. These descriptive findings suggest that a multimodal assessment approach may help identify potential CNS contributions to residual performance differences not captured by traditional musculoskeletal criteria. Given the small sample and cross sectional design, results should be considered hypothesis generating. Larger, longitudinal studies are needed before these measures can be considered for return to play (RTP) decision making.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"level-of-evidence\">\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.161023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T01:44:06Z","timestamp":1777599846000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Countermovement Jump and Quantitative Electroencephalography Assessment in Division I Football Athletes: An Exploratory Neurophysiological Study of Return\u2011to\u2011Play Readiness"],"prefix":"10.26603","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Robert E","family":"Mangine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NovaCare Rehabilitation, A Select Medical Company, Mechanicsburg, PA, USA"},{"name":"University of Cincinnati Athletics, Cincinnati, OH, USA","department":["Senior Associate Athletic Director Sports Medicine"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bradley T","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro Visual Institute"},{"name":"University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA","department":["Research Associate"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James A","family":"Tersak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NovaCare Rehabilitation, A Select Medical Company, Mechanicsburg, PA, USA","department":["Director of Rehabilitation"]},{"name":"University of Cincinnati Athletics, Cincinnati, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marsha","family":"Eifert-Mangine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NovaCare Rehabilitation, A Select Medical Company, Mechanicsburg, PA, USA"},{"name":"Mount St. Joseph University, Cincinnati, OH, USA (Emeritus)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Corey J","family":"Rodrigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carolina Panthers, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Philadelphia Eagles, Philadelphia, PA, USA","department":["Coordinator of Rehabilitation"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Draovitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jacksonville Jaguars, Jacksonville, FL, USA","department":["Athletic Performance Specialist, Associate Athletic Trainer, Physical Therapist"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raul","family":"Bermudez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jacksonville Jaguars, Jacksonville, FL, USA","department":["Associate Athletic Trainer"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Mark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuralytica","department":["Founder, Chief Science Officer"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Audrey R.","family":"Hill-Lindsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuralytica","department":["Founder, Director of Clinical Operations"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian M","family":"Grawe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA","department":["Professor Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine"]},{"name":"University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA","department":["Division Director, Sports Medicine"]},{"name":"Cincinnati Bengals and Cincinnati Bearcats, Cincinnati, OH, USA","department":["Team Physician"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abby","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cincinnati Athletics, Cincinnati, OH, USA","department":["Physical Therapy Sports Resident, Olympic Sports"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"11140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10051010","DOI":"10.4085\/1062605050.10.02","article-title":"Brain activation for knee movement measured days before second anterior cruciate ligament injury: neuroimaging in musculoskeletal medicine","volume":"50","author":"D. 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