{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T15:10:11Z","timestamp":1790176211082,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n The two-dimensional (2D) video-analysis of the change of direction (COD) technique has never been used to attempt to predict the risk of ACL injury in female football players.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Hypothesis\/Purpose<\/jats:title>\n The purpose of the present pilot study was to prospectively investigate the biomechanical predictors of ACL injury during a COD task in female football players using both gold standard 3D motion capture and a qualitative scoring system based on 2D video-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Design<\/jats:title>\n Prospective cohort study<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Sixteen competitive female football (soccer) players (age 21.4 \u00b1 4.3) performed a series of pre-planned 90\u00b0 COD tasks. 3D motion data was recorded through 10 stereophotogrammetric cameras and a force platform. 2D frontal and transverse plane joint kinematics were computed through video-analysis from three high-speed cameras. A scoring system based on five criteria was adopted: limb stability, pelvis stability, trunk stability, shock absorption, and movement strategy. The players were prospectively followed for the next two consecutive football seasons and the occurrence of severe knee injuries was registered.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Four players (25%) experienced an ACL injury. In 3D analysis, ACL-injured players showed greater knee valgus, knee internal rotation, and lower knee flexion (p= 0.017 \u2013 0.029). Lower hip flexion coupled with greater external rotation (p= 0.003 \u2013 0.042), ankle eversion, and contralateral pelvic drop (p<0.001) were also noted. In 2D analysis, ACL-injured players showed greater internal foot rotation, contralateral pelvic drop, lower knee flexion, and contralateral trunk tilt (moderate-to-large effect size). Pelvis stability and trunk stability showed the highest predictive value towards ACL injury. Total score was significantly lower in ACL-injured players with a moderate effect size (d=0.45).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Both 3D and 2D methodologies depicted biomechanical risk factors and offered predictive insights towards the ACL injury risk. Awareness should rise in women\u2019s football regarding the high risk of ACL injury and the strategies to assess and mitigate it.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n 3<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.84308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T07:23:03Z","timestamp":1690874583000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Biomechanical Factors During 90\u00b0 Change of Direction are Associated to Non-Contact ACL injury in Female Soccer Players"],"prefix":"10.26603","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1761-7352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Di Paolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01111rn36","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Bologna","department":["Life Quality Studies"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Grassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ycyys66","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli","department":["2nd Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Tosarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isokinetic Medical Group","department":["Education and Research Department"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Crepaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isokinetic Medical Group","department":["Education and Research Department"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Bragonzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01111rn36","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Bologna","department":["Life Quality Studies"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Zaffagnini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ycyys66","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli","department":["2nd Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Della Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isokinetic Medical Group","department":["Education and Research Department"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"11140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3616","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-021-06571-2","article-title":"A 2D video-analysis scoring system of 90\u00b0 change of direction technique identifies football players with high knee abduction moment","volume":"30","author":"Francesco Della Villa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0942-2056","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4032","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-021-06709-2","article-title":"A 2D qualitative movement assessment of a deceleration task detects football players with high knee joint loading","volume":"29","author":"Stefano Di Paolo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0942-2056","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2019.05.004","article-title":"A qualitative screening tool to identify athletes with \u2018high-risk\u2019 movement mechanics during cutting: The cutting movement assessment score (CMAS)","volume":"38","author":"Thomas Dos\u2019Santos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physical Therapy in Sport","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1466-853X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.30994","article-title":"Utility of 2D video analysis for assessing frontal plane trunk and pelvis motion during stepping, landing, and change in direction tasks: a validity study","volume":"17","author":"Rachel K Straub","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2159-2896","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0756-9659","article-title":"A reliable video-based ACL injury screening tool for female team sport athletes","volume":"40","author":"Gillian Weir","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Sports Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0172-4622","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2331","DOI":"10.3390\/s21072331","article-title":"Rehabilitation and return to sport assessment after anterior cruciate ligament injury: quantifying joint kinematics during complex high-speed tasks through wearable sensors","volume":"21","author":"Stefano Di Paolo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sensors","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1424-8220","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2019.8954","article-title":"On-field rehabilitation part 1: 4 pillars of high-quality on-field rehabilitation are restoring movement quality, physical conditioning, restoring sport-specific skills, and progressively developing chronic training load","volume":"49","author":"Matthew Buckthorpe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0190-6011","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504269591","article-title":"Biomechanical measures of neuromuscular control and valgus loading of the knee predict anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in female athletes: a prospective study","volume":"33","author":"Timothy E. Hewett","year":"2005","journal-title":"The American Journal of Sports Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0363-5465","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2015.02.051","article-title":"Zero- vs. one-dimensional, parametric vs. non-parametric, and confidence interval vs. hypothesis testing procedures in one-dimensional biomechanical trajectory analysis","volume":"48","author":"Todd C. Pataky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Biomechanics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-9290","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.2017.1344514","article-title":"Relation between peak knee flexion angle and knee ankle kinetics in single-leg jump landing from running: a pilot study on male handball players to prevent ACL injury","volume":"45","author":"Mariam A. Ameer","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Physician and Sportsmedicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0091-3847","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"14","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-103131","article-title":"Injury prevention knowledge, beliefs and strategies in elite female footballers at the FIFA Women\u2019s World Cup France 2019","volume":"55","author":"Celeste Geertsema","year":"2021","journal-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0306-3674","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2015-0197","article-title":"Longitudinal Changes in hip strength and range of motion in female youth soccer players: implications for ACL injury, a pilot study","volume":"26","author":"Anh-Dung Nguyen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Sport Rehabilitation","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1056-6716","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.22146","article-title":"Biomechanical changes during a 90o cut in collegiate female soccer players with participation in the 11","volume":"16","author":"Celeste Dix","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2159-2896","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-020-00276-5","article-title":"Biomechanical Determinants of knee joint loads associated with increased anterior cruciate ligament loading during cutting: a systematic review and technical framework","volume":"6","author":"Thomas A. Donelon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sports Medicine - Open","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2199-1170","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465211008169","article-title":"Systematic Video analysis of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in professional female soccer players","volume":"49","author":"Simona Lucarno","year":"2021","journal-title":"The American Journal of Sports Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0363-5465","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24942","article-title":"Kinematics observed during ACL injury are associated with large early peak knee abduction moments during a change of direction task in healthy adolescents","volume":"39","author":"Haraldur B. Sigur\u00f0sson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0736-0266","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-101247","article-title":"Systematic video analysis of ACL injuries in professional male football (soccer): injury mechanisms, situational patterns and biomechanics study on 134 consecutive cases","volume":"54","author":"Francesco Della Villa","year":"2020","journal-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0306-3674","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2579","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0000000000000700","article-title":"Longitudinal Increases in knee abduction moments in females during adolescent growth","volume":"47","author":"Timothy E. Hewett","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0195-9131","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24313","article-title":"Knee Abduction and internal rotation moments increase ACL force during landing through the posterior slope of the tibia","volume":"37","author":"Alessandro Navacchia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0736-0266","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515625048","article-title":"The Vertical drop jump is a poor screening test for ACL injuries in female elite soccer and handball players: a prospective cohort study of 710 athletes","volume":"44","author":"Tron Krosshaug","year":"2016","journal-title":"The American Journal of Sports Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0363-5465","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2021.10170","article-title":"Drop jump? Single-leg squat? Not if you aim to predict anterior cruciate ligament injury from real-time clinical assessment: a prospective cohort study involving 880 elite female athletes","volume":"51","author":"Erich Petushek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0190-6011","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903886","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2022.903886","article-title":"A scoping review on developmental activities of girls' and women's sports","volume":"4","author":"Carrie M. Peters","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2624-9367","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516665810","article-title":"Stiff Landings are associated with increased ACL injury risk in young female basketball and floorball players","volume":"45","author":"Mari Lepp\u00e4nen","year":"2017","journal-title":"The American Journal of Sports Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0363-5465","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2009.10.005","article-title":"Limited hip and knee flexion during landing is associated with increased frontal plane knee motion and moments","volume":"25","author":"Christine D. Pollard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clinical Biomechanics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0268-0033","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-021-01448-3","article-title":"Biomechanical determinants of performance and injury risk during cutting: a performance-injury conflict?","volume":"51","author":"Thomas Dos\u2019Santos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sports Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0112-1642","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2014.12.006","article-title":"Can two-dimensional measured peak sagittal plane excursions during drop vertical jumps help identify three-dimensional measured joint moments?","volume":"22","author":"Bart Dingenen","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Knee","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0968-0160","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14763141.2022.2080105","article-title":"Do healthy athletes exhibit at-risk biomechanics for anterior cruciate ligament injury during pivoting movements?","author":"Stefano Di Paolo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sports Biomechanics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1476-3141","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.26603\/ijspt20200928","article-title":"Biomechanical measures during two sport-specific tasks differentiate between soccer players who go on to anterior cruciate ligament injury and those who do not: a prospective cohort analysis","volume":"15","author":"Celeste Dix","year":"2020","journal-title":"International journal of sports physical therapy","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2159-2896","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465211002541","article-title":"Poor validity of functional performance tests to predict knee injury in female soccer players with or without anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction","volume":"49","author":"Anne F\u00e4ltstr\u00f6m","year":"2021","journal-title":"The American Journal of Sports Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0363-5465","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-1877","article-title":"ACL Tears in school-aged children and adolescents over 20 years","volume":"139","author":"Nicholas A. Beck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatrics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0031-4005","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.09.007","article-title":"Coordination and variability during anticipated and unanticipated sidestepping","volume":"67","author":"Gillian Weir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gait & Posture","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0966-6362","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.25467","article-title":"Why do female athletes injure their ACLs more frequently? What can we do to mitigate their risk?","volume":"16","author":"Holly Silvers-Granelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2159-2896","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2492","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516648439","article-title":"Are female soccer players at an increased risk of second anterior cruciate ligament injury compared with their athletic peers?","volume":"44","author":"Melissa M. Allen","year":"2016","journal-title":"The American Journal of Sports Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0363-5465","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23259671221114350","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671221114353","article-title":"Increased risk of ACL injury for female but not male soccer players on artificial turf versus natural grass: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Michelle Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2325-9671","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2018-0374","article-title":"Effect of the FIFA 11+ on landing patterns and baseline movement errors in elite male youth soccer players","volume":"29","author":"Hadi Akbari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Sport Rehabilitation","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1056-6716","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2447","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-017-5342-5","article-title":"Does the FIFA 11+ injury prevention program reduce the incidence of ACL injury in male soccer players?","volume":"475","author":"Holly J. Silvers-Granelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0009-921X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2654","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516686080","article-title":"Preventive biomechanics: a paradigm shift with a translational approach to injury prevention","volume":"45","author":"Timothy E. Hewett","year":"2017","journal-title":"The American Journal of Sports Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0363-5465","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2015.09.012","article-title":"Technique determinants of knee abduction moments during pivoting in female soccer players","volume":"31","author":"Paul A. Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical Biomechanics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0268-0033","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2325967120957646","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967120957646","article-title":"Prospective frontal plane angles used to predict ACL strain and identify those at high risk for sports-related ACL injury","volume":"8","author":"Nathaniel A. Bates","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2325-9671","issn-type":"print"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ijspt.scholasticahq.com\/article\/84308-two-dimensional-and-three-dimensional-biomechanical-factors-during-90-change-of-direction-are-associated-to-non-contact-acl-injury-in-female-soccer-p","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:50:48Z","timestamp":1790175048000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ijspt.scholasticahq.com\/article\/84308-two-dimensional-and-three-dimensional-biomechanical-factors-during-90-change-of-direction-are-associated-to-non-contact-acl-injury-in-female-soccer-p"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26603\/001c.84308","relation":{},"ISSN":["2159-2896"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2159-2896","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]}}}