{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T15:09:44Z","timestamp":1790176184317,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Lower neurocognitive function is a risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. However, the mechanism by which lower neurocognitive function increases the risk of ACL injury remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n To clarify the effect of differences in neurocognitive function on landing mechanics during a single-leg drop-jump landing motion followed by an unanticipated task.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Design<\/jats:title>\n Cross-sectional study<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Fifteen collegiate female athletes were recruited (20.1 \u00b1 1.3 years, 166.6 \u00b1 7.3 cm, 60.6 \u00b1 6.9 kg) and were divided into two groups (the high-performance (HP) group and the lower-performance (LP) group) using the median Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) score. Three-dimensional motion analysis was employed for the analysis during the experimental task of a single-leg drop-jump followed by an unanticipated landing task from a 30-cm high box. Joint angular changes of the trunk, pelvis, hip, and knee were calculated within the interval from initial contact (IC) to 40ms. Knee and hip moments were calculated as the maximum values within the interval from IC to 40ms. Surface electromyography data from key muscles were analyzed 50ms before and after IC. Independent t-tests were used to compare the effects of different neurocognitive function on the measurement items. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The SDMT score was significantly higher in HP group (HP: 77.9 \u00b1 5.5; LP: 66.0 \u00b1 3.4; p < 0.001). The LP group had a significantly greater trunk rotation angular change to the stance leg side (HP: 0.4 \u00b1 0.8; LP: 1.2 \u00b1 0.4; p = 0.020). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of joint moments, and muscle activities.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Differences in neurocognitive function by SDMT were found to be related to differences in motor strategies of the trunk in the horizontal plane. Although trunk motion in the sagittal and frontal planes during single-leg drop-jump landing increases the ACL injury risk by affecting knee joint motion, the effect of trunk motion in the horizontal plane remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n 3<\/jats:p>\n \u00a9 The Authors<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.86124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T11:30:41Z","timestamp":1696159841000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Kinematics, Kinetics and Muscle Activity Analysis during Single-leg Drop-jump Landing Followed by an Unanticipated Task: Focusing on Differences in Neurocognitive Function"],"prefix":"10.26603","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9917-7847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoshi","family":"Shibata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Takemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shumpei","family":"Miyakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"11140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Symbol Digit Modalirties Test","author":"Smith Aaron","year":"1982"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref2","first-page":"918","article-title":"The effects of anticipation on the mechanics of the knee during single-leg cutting tasls: A systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Thomas G Almonroeder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2159-2896","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458517690821","article-title":"Validity of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test as a cognition performance outcome measure for multiple sclerosis","volume":"23","author":"Ralph HB Benedict","year":"2017","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis Journal","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1352-4585","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200107000-00015","article-title":"Anticipatory effects on knee joint loading during running and cutting maneuvers","volume":"33","author":"THOR F. 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Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1053-8119","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1080\/14763141.2021.1877337","article-title":"Trunk motion and anterior cruciate ligament injuries: a narrative review of injury videos and controlled jump-landing and cutting tasks","volume":"22","author":"Yu Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sports biomechanics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1476-3141","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458518808204","article-title":"Symbol Digit Modalities Test: A valid clinical trial endpoint for measuring cognition in multiple sclerosis","volume":"25","author":"Lauren Strober","year":"2019","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis Journal","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1352-4585","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2015.1121285","article-title":"Mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in elite women\u2019s netball: A systematic video analysis","volume":"34","author":"Max C. 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