{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T23:42:13Z","timestamp":1769125333977,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Pan American Health Organization","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,10]]},"abstract":"<sec>\n<title>Objective.<\/title>\n<p>To estimate the prevalence of trachoma in indigenous and non-indigenous populations in selected areas of the state of Maranh\u00e3o, in northeastern Brazil.<\/p>\n<\/sec>\n<sec>\n<title>Methods.<\/title>\n<p>This was a population-based survey with probabilistic sampling. For the diagnosis of trachoma, external ocular examination was performed using head magnifying loupes, at 2.5X magnification. The prevalence of trachomatous inflammation \u2013 follicular (TF) in children aged 1\u20139 years and the prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) in the population aged \u226515 years were estimated. Relative frequencies of sociodemographic and environmental characteristics were obtained.<\/p>\n<\/sec>\n<sec>\n<title>Results.<\/title>\n<p>The study included 7 971 individuals, 3 429 from non-indigenous populations and 4 542 from indigenous populations. The prevalence of TF in non-indigenous and indigenous populations was 0.1% and 2.9%, respectively, and the prevalence of TT among indigenous populations was 0.1%.<\/p>\n<\/sec>\n<sec>\n<title>Conclusions.<\/title>\n<p>The prevalence of TF and TT in the two evaluation units in the state of Maranh\u00e3o were within the limits recommended for the elimination of trachoma as a public health problem. However, the prevalence of TF was higher in the indigenous evaluation unit, indicating a greater vulnerability of this population to the disease. The prevalence of TF of below 5.0% implies a reduction in transmission, which may have resulted from improved socioeconomic conditions and\/or the implementation of the World Health Organization SAFE strategy.<\/p>\n<\/sec>","DOI":"10.26633\/rpsp.2024.19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]],"date-time":"2024-03-09T16:33:49Z","timestamp":1710002029000},"page":"1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Prevalence of trachoma in indigenous and non-indigenous areas, Northeastern Brazil, 2019\u20132021"],"prefix":"10.26633","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Daniela Vaz Ferreira","family":"Gomez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"danivaz26@gmail.com"},{"name":"Ministry of Health, Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanessa da Silva de","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulo Roberto Borges de","family":"Souza Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria de F\u00e1tima Costa","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Expedito Jos\u00e9 de Albuquerque","family":"Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivan Ricardo","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noemia Urruth Le\u00e3o","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Margarita Urdaneta","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9lia Landmann","family":"Szwarcwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"11167","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Flaxman SR, Bourne RRA, Resnikoff S, Ackland P, Braithwaite T, Cicinelli MV, et al. 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