{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T04:26:41Z","timestamp":1745987201020,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Pasifika Medical Association Group","issue":"1614","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NZMJ"],"abstract":"<jats:p>aims: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used in cirrhotic patients, often without a clear indication. Evidence links PPI use to\nadverse outcomes such as hepatic encephalopathy and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. This study analyses outcomes associated\nwith PPI use in cirrhosis over 5 years at a New Zealand tertiary centre.\nmethods: This retrospective study included all patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis at Counties Manukau Health in 2014. Patients\nwere divided into two groups: those taking PPIs and those not taking PPIs. Demographic data, relevant blood tests and cumulative\nPPI doses were recorded. Outcomes such as mortality, liver-related events (hepatic encephalopathy, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis,\nvariceal bleeding and ascites) and infections were monitored over 5 years. Logistic regression analyses calculated odds ratios (ORs)\nfor the association of PPI usage with outcomes, adjusting for age, comorbidities, medications, aetiology of cirrhosis and liver disease\nseverity.\nresults: Of 392 patients, 304 (77%) received PPIs and 88 (23%) did not. Only 31% had a clear indication for PPI use. PPI users had\nhigher comorbidity and liver disease severity. Adjusted analysis showed no significant difference in all-cause mortality (29.9% vs\n19.3%, p=0.67) or liver-related mortality (35.2% vs 17.6%, p=0.37). However, there were higher liver-related events (30.9% vs 10%, OR\n2.9, p=0.046) and all-cause infections (30.9% vs 11.2%, OR 2.4, p=0.024).\nconclusion: PPI use in cirrhosis is linked to hepatic decompensation and higher infection risk. Judicious PPI use with clear indications\nis essential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.26635\/6965.6838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T02:24:23Z","timestamp":1745979863000},"page":"70-80","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Proton pump inhibitors in cirrhosis: a retrospective five-year analysis of increased risks of hepatic decompensation and infections"],"prefix":"10.26635","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Abhimati","family":"Ravikulan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christin","family":"Coomarasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashok","family":"Raj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"11177","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"container-title":["New Zealand Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T02:24:28Z","timestamp":1745979868000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nzmj.org.nz\/journal\/vol-138-no-1614\/proton-pump-inhibitors-in-cirrhosis-a-retrospective-five-year-analysis-of-increased-risks-of-hepatic-decompensation-and-infectio"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1614","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26635\/6965.6838","relation":{},"ISSN":["1175-8716"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1175-8716","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]}}}