{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T15:20:08Z","timestamp":1774279208030,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,5]],"date-time":"2010-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2745,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The aim of this study was to measure the effects of specific commonly used sedative protocols on equine solid phase gastric emptying rate, using the\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C\u2010octanoic acid breath test (\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C\u2010OABT). The gastric emptying of a standard\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C\u2010labelled test meal was measured once weekly in 8 mature horses over two 4 week treatment periods. Each horse acted as its own control. In treatment\n                    <jats:italic>Period 1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , saline (2 ml i.v.), xylazine (0.5 mg\/kg i.v.), detomidine (0.01 mg\/kg i.v.) or detomidine\/butorphanol combination (0.01\/0.02 mg\/kg i.v.) was administered in randomised order after ingestion of the test meal. During treatment\n                    <jats:italic>Period 2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , test meal consumption was followed by saline, xylazine (1.0 mg\/kg i.v.), or detomidine (0.03 mg\/kg i.v.) administration, or preceded by acepromazine (0.05 mg\/kg i.m.) in randomised order. The\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C:\n                    <jats:sup>12<\/jats:sup>\n                    C ratio of sequential expiratory breath samples was determined by isotope ratio mass spectrometry, and used to measure the gastric half\u2010emptying time, t\n                    <jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and duration of the lag phase, t\n                    <jats:sub>lag<\/jats:sub>\n                    , for each of the 64 tests.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In treatment\n                    <jats:italic>Period 1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , detomidine\/butorphanol prolonged both t\n                    <jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and t\n                    <jats:sub>lag<\/jats:sub>\n                    with respect to xylazine 0.5 mg\/kg and the saline control (P&lt;0.05). In\n                    <jats:italic>Period 2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , detomidine 0.03 mg\/kg delayed each parameter with respect to saline, acepromazine and xylazine 1.0 mg\/kg (P&lt;0.001). Xylazine 1.0 mg\/kg also lengthened t\n                    <jats:sub>lag<\/jats:sub>\n                    relative to the saline control (P = 0.0004), but did not cause a significant change in t\n                    <jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Comparison of treatment periods showed that the inhibitory effect of detomidine on gastric emptying rate was dose related (P&lt;0.05). These findings may have clinical significance for case selection when these agents are used for purposes of sedation and\/or analgesia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2746\/042516402776117818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,12]],"date-time":"2007-04-12T19:03:27Z","timestamp":1176404607000},"page":"486-492","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["The effects of xylazine, detomidine, acepromazine and butorphanol on equine solid phase gastric emptying rate"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"D. G. M.","family":"SUTTON","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"PRESTON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. 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