{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T01:36:05Z","timestamp":1791423365229,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,5]],"date-time":"2010-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2683,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Stereotypies are invariant and repetitive behaviour patterns that seemingly have no function, which tend to develop in captive animals faced with insoluble problems and may be indicative of reduced welfare. A 4 year prospective study of the factors influencing the development of stereotypic and redirected behaviours (abnormal behaviour) in a population of 225 young Thoroughbred and part\u2010Thoroughbred horses was conducted between 1995 and 1999. Abnormal behaviour affected 34.7% of the population. Multivariable analysis showed that foals of low\u2010 or middle\u2010ranking mares were less likely to develop abnormal behaviour than foals of dominant mares (rate ratio (RR) 0.23, P&lt;0.01; RR 0.48, P&lt;0.01, respectively). Weaning by confinement in a stable or barn was associated with an increased rate of development of abnormal behaviour, compared with paddock\u2010weaning (RR 2.19, P&lt;0.05), and housing in barns, rather than at grass after weaning, was associated with a further increase (RR 2.54, P&lt;0.01). Specific stereotypic and redirected behaviours were then considered as separate outcomes. Cribbiting was initiated by 10.5% of horses at median age 20 weeks, weaving by 4.6% of horses at median age 60 weeks, box\u2010walking by 2.3% of horses at median age 64 weeks and wood\u2010chewing by 30.3% of horses at median age 30 weeks. Wood\u2010chewing developed at a lower rate in horses born to subordinate or mid\u2010ranking mares than in horses born to dominant mares (RR 0.29, P&lt;0.01; RR 0.41, P&lt;0.01, respectively), and at a higher rate in horses kept in barns or stables rather than at grass after weaning (RR 4.49, P&lt;0.001; RR 1.46, P&lt;0.001, respectively). Feeding concentrates after weaning was associated with a 4\u2010fold increase in the rate of development of crib\u2010biting (RR 4.12, P = 0.02). The results of this study support the idea that simple changes in feeding, housing and weaning practices could substantially lower the incidence of abnormal behaviour in young horses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2746\/042516402776180241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,12]],"date-time":"2007-04-12T19:03:27Z","timestamp":1176404607000},"page":"572-579","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":215,"title":["Factors influencing the development of stereotypic and redirected behaviours in young horses: findings of a four year prospective epidemiological study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"A. J.","family":"WATERS","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. J.","family":"NICOL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. 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