{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T09:36:46Z","timestamp":1762076206301,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,5]],"date-time":"2010-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":65,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Reason for performing study<\/jats:italic>\n                    : In horses, morpho\u2010functional studies related to the enteric nervous system (ENS) controlling the sphincters are lacking.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objectives<\/jats:italic>\n                    : To investigate immunohistochemically the morphology, distribution, density, phenotypes and projections of neurons controlling the ileocaecal junction (ICJ).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    : Two young horses were anaesthetised and underwent midline laparotomy. The neuronal retrograde fluorescent tracer Fast Blue (FB) was injected into the wall of the ICJ. A post surgical survival time of 30 days was used. Following euthanasia, the ileum and a small portion of caecum were removed. Cryosections were used to investigate the immunoreactivity (IR) of the neurons innervating the ICJ for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), substance P (SP), calcitonin gene\u2010related peptide (CGRP) and neurofilament NF200kDa (NF).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    : Ileal FB\u2010labelled neurons innervating the ICJ were located in the myenteric plexus (MP) and submucosal plexus (SMP) up to 48 cm and 28 cm, respectively, from the point of the FB injections. Descending MP and SMP neurons were nitrergic (54 \u00b1 11% and 68 \u00b1 4%, respectively), cholinergic (60 \u00b1 19% and 82 \u00b1 11%, respectively), NF\u2010IR (54 \u00b1 9% and 78 \u00b1 21%, respectively), and SP\u2010IR (about 20% in both the plexuses). CGRP\u2010IR was expressed only by SMP descending neurons (45 \u00b1 21%). In both the plexuses descending neurons coexpressing nNOS\u2010and ChAT\u2010IR were also observed (25 \u00b1 11% and 61 \u00b1 27%, respectively).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                    : The presence of ileal long projecting neurons innervating the ICJ suggests that they are critical for its modulation. Consequently, in bowel diseases in which the resection of the terminal jejunum and proximal ileum are required, it is preferable, whenever possible, to conserve the major portion of the ileum.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Potential relevance<\/jats:italic>\n                    : The knowledge of the phenotype of ENS neurons of the ileum might be helpful for developing pharmaceutical treatment of the ICJ motility disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2746\/042516409x407594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,4]],"date-time":"2009-11-04T19:34:14Z","timestamp":1257363254000},"page":"759-764","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Intrinsic innervation of the ileocaecal junction in the horse: Preliminary study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Chiocchetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Bombardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. 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