{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T22:48:04Z","timestamp":1776984484254,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Electronic Commerce"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"DOI":"10.2753\/jec1086-4415150404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,30]],"date-time":"2011-06-30T03:53:24Z","timestamp":1309406004000},"page":"121-158","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Online Viewing and Aesthetic Preferences of Generation Y and the Baby Boom Generation: Testing User Web Site Experience Through Eye Tracking"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Soussan","family":"Djamasbi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Worcester Polytechnic Institute"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Siegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"b User Experience Department, Fidelity Investments"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeanine","family":"Skorinko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"c Department of Social Science and Policy Studies, Worcester Polytechnic Institute"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Tullis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"d Fidelity Investments"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"129","key":"1","first-page":"34","article-title":"Born with the chip: The next generation will profoundly impact both library service and the culture within the profession","volume":"34","author":"S. Abram","year":"2004","journal-title":"Library Journal"},{"issue":"3\/4","key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1080\/15427600701663072","article-title":"Rethinking generations","volume":"4","author":"D. Alwin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Research in Human Development and Psychopathology"},{"key":"3","volume-title":"The Psychology of Seeing","author":"H. Brandt","year":"1954"},{"issue":"4","key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1108\/00907320911007010","article-title":"More than words: Screencasting as a reference tool","volume":"37","author":"A. Carr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reference Services Review"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1145\/957205.957212","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2003 Conference on Universal Usability","author":"A. Chadwick-Dias","year":"2003"},{"key":"6","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"J. Cohen","year":"1988"},{"key":"7","volume-title":"The Art of Seeing: An Interpretation of the Aesthetic Encounter","author":"M. Csikszentmihalyi","year":"1990"},{"issue":"3","key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.2307\/20650308","article-title":"Exploring human images in Website design: A multi-method approach","volume":"33","author":"D. Cyr","year":"2009","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.44.1.20","article-title":"A hypothesis-confirming bias in labeling effects","volume":"44","author":"J. Darley","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-4944(89)80013-1","article-title":"The beauty and the beast compared: Some preliminary comparisons of \"high\" versus \"popular\" residential architecture and public versus architect judgments of the same","volume":"9","author":"A. Devlin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2006.09.002","article-title":"Does positive affect influence the effective usage of a decision support system?","volume":"43","author":"S. Djamasbi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"issue":"5","key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2009.12.006","article-title":"Web design, and eye tracking","volume":"68","author":"S. Djamasbi","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/HICSS.2010.171","article-title":"Efficiency, trust, and visual appeal: Usability testing through eye tracking","author":"S. Djamasbi","year":"2010"},{"key":"14","first-page":"16","article-title":"Tracking users' viewing pattern","author":"S. Djamasbi","year":"2009"},{"key":"15","first-page":"1","article-title":"Gender preferences in Web design: Usability testing through eye tracking","author":"S. Djamasbi","year":"2007"},{"key":"16","first-page":"1","article-title":"Visually critiquing Web pages","author":"P. Faraday","year":"2000"},{"key":"17","first-page":"83","article-title":"The trail less traveled: Making computing labs usable by removing barriers","author":"M. Felthousen","year":"2008"},{"key":"18","unstructured":"Fields, B. Marketing to Gen Y: What you can't afford not to know. <i>StartupNation<\/i>, January 2009 (available at <a target=\"_blank\" href='http:\/\/www.startupnation.com\/articles\/9011\/1\/marketing-GenY.htm'>http:\/\/www.startupnation.com\/articles\/9011\/1\/marketing-GenY.htm<\/a>"},{"key":"19","volume-title":"Media multitasking among American youth: Prevalence, predictors, and pairings","author":"U. Foehr","year":"2006"},{"issue":"3","key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1080\/00913367.1998.10673563","article-title":"Adolescents' attention to beer and cigarette print ads and associated product warnings","volume":"27","author":"R. Fox","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Advertising Research"},{"key":"21","unstructured":"Gioia, D. Reading at risk: A survey of literary reading in America. National Endowment for the Arts Report no. 46, Washington, DC, June 2004."},{"key":"22","first-page":"2","article-title":"Understanding the trend and planning for the impact","author":"J. Holley","year":"2008"},{"key":"23","article-title":"Baby boomers are smarter\u2014from reading","author":"D. Johnson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Albany Times Union"},{"key":"24","unstructured":"Jones, S., and Fox, S. Generations online in 2009. Pew Internet & American Life Project, Washington, DC, January 2009 (available at <a target=\"_blank\" href='http:\/\/www.pewinternet.org\/PPF\/r\/275\/report_display.asp'>http:\/\/www.pewinternet.org\/PPF\/r\/275\/report_display.asp<\/a>"},{"key":"25","first-page":"85","article-title":"The beauty of simplicity","author":"K. Karvonen","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2753\/JEC1086-4415130101","article-title":"Impact of information and communication technologies on country development: Accounting for area interrelationships","volume":"13","author":"R. Kauffman","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Electronic Commerce"},{"issue":"2","key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.94.2.211","article-title":"Confirmation, disconfirmation, and information in hypothesis testing","volume":"94","author":"J. Klayman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.115.1.131","article-title":"The whole is equal to the sum of its parts: A probabilistic model of grouping by proximity and similarity in regular patterns","volume":"115","author":"M. Kubovy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2003.09.002","article-title":"Assessing dimensions of perceived visual aesthetics of Web sites","volume":"60","author":"T. Lavie","year":"2004","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies"},{"key":"30","first-page":"231","article-title":"User satisfaction, aesthetics and usability: Beyond reductionism","author":"G. Lindgaard","year":"2002"},{"issue":"2","key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/01449290500330448","article-title":"Attention Web designers: You have 50 milliseconds to make a good first impression!","volume":"25","author":"G. Lindgaard","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behaviour and Information Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1162\/DESI_a_00017","article-title":"Aesthetic interaction: A framework","volume":"26","author":"P. Locher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Design Issues"},{"key":"33","first-page":"432","article-title":"WebQual: A measure of Web site quality","author":"E. Loiacono","year":"2002"},{"issue":"3","key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2753\/JEC1086-4415110302","article-title":"WebQual: An instrument for consumer evaluation of Web sites","volume":"11","author":"E. Loiacono","year":"2007","journal-title":"International Journal of Electronic Commerce"},{"issue":"2","key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.2753\/JEC1086-4415130205","article-title":"Pay-per-action model for on-line advertising","volume":"13","author":"M. Mahdian","year":"2008-9","journal-title":"International Journal of Electronic Commerce"},{"issue":"7","key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1080\/10447310802335664","article-title":"An experimental study of antecedents and consequences of online ad intrusiveness","volume":"24","author":"S. McCoy","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction"},{"issue":"1","key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.21.1.190","article-title":"Older adults' motivated choice for technological innovation: Evidence for benefit-driven selectivity","volume":"21","author":"A. Melenhorst","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychology and Aging"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1142\/9789812564412_0009","volume-title":"Technology-Rich Learning Environments: A Future Perspective","author":"M. Newby","year":"2003"},{"issue":"2","key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1037\/1089-2680.2.2.175","article-title":"Confirmation bias: A ubiquitous phenomenon in many guises","volume":"2","author":"R. Nickerson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Review of General Psychology"},{"key":"40","unstructured":"Nielsen, J. Usability of Web sites for teenagers. <i>useit.com<\/i>, January 2005 (available at <a target=\"_blank\" href='http:\/\/www.useit.com\/alertbox\/teenagers.html'>http:\/\/www.useit.com\/alertbox\/teenagers.html<\/a>"},{"key":"41","unstructured":"Nielsen, J. F-shaped pattern for reading Web content. <i>useit.com<\/i>, April 2006 (available at <a target=\"_blank\" href='http:\/\/www.useit.com\/alertbox\/reading_pattern.html'>http:\/\/www.useit.com\/alertbox\/reading_pattern.html<\/a>"},{"key":"42","volume-title":"Human Inferences: Strategies and Shortcomings of Social Judgment","author":"R. Nisbett","year":"1980"},{"key":"43","first-page":"36","article-title":"Boomers, Gen-Xers, and millennials: Understanding the new students","author":"D. Oblinger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Educause Review"},{"key":"44","unstructured":"Olsen, S. The millennials usher in a new era. <i>CNET News<\/i>, November 2005 (available at <a target=\"_blank\" href='http:\/\/news.cnet.com\/2009-1025-5944666.html'>http:\/\/news.cnet.com\/2009-1025-5944666.html<\/a>"},{"key":"45","first-page":"147","article-title":"The determinants of Web page viewing behavior: An eye tracking study","author":"B. Pan","year":"2004"},{"key":"46","unstructured":"Perez, S. Why Gen Y is going to change the Web. <i>ReadWriteWeb<\/i>, May 15, 2008 (available at <a target=\"_blank\" href='http:\/\/www.readwriteweb.com\/archives\/why_gen_y_is_going_to_change_the_web.php'>http:\/\/www.readwriteweb.com\/archives\/why_gen_y_is_going_to_change_the_web.php<\/a>"},{"key":"47","volume-title":"Essentials of Behavioral Research","author":"R. Rosenthal","year":"2008"},{"issue":"5","key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1080\/014492900750000063","article-title":"Aesthetics and preferences of Web pages","volume":"19","author":"B. Schenkman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behavior and Information Technology"},{"key":"49","first-page":"10","article-title":"Web page aesthetics and performance: A survey and an experimental study","author":"K. Schmidt","year":"2002"},{"key":"50","unstructured":"Sherman, L. The new counterculture's buying power. <i>Forbes<\/i> (October 2008) (available at <a target=\"_blank\" href='http:\/\/www.forbes.com\/2008\/10\/01\/hipster-buying-powerforbeslife-cx_ls_1001style.html'>http:\/\/www.forbes.com\/2008\/10\/01\/hipster-buying-powerforbeslife-cx_ls_1001style.html<\/a>"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/4201.001.0001","volume-title":"Leonardo's Laptop: Human Needs and the New Computing Technologies","author":"B. Shneiderman","year":"2003"},{"key":"52","unstructured":"Shrestha, S., and Lenz, K. Eye gaze patterns while searching vs. browsing a Website. <i>Usability News, 9<\/i>, 1 (January 2007) (available at <a target=\"_blank\" href='http:\/\/www.surl.org\/usabilitynews\/91\/eyegaze.asp'>http:\/\/www.surl.org\/usabilitynews\/91\/eyegaze.asp<\/a>"},{"issue":"3","key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1108\/13620430910966442","article-title":"Using the kaleidoscope career model to examine generational differences in work attitudes","volume":"14","author":"S. Sullivan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Career Development International"},{"issue":"4","key":"54","first-page":"165","article-title":"Reinventing library buildings and services for the millennial generation","volume":"19","author":"R. Sweeney","year":"2005","journal-title":"Library Administration and Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.2307\/249534","article-title":"The use of information in decision making: An experimental investigation of the impact of computer-based decision aids","volume":"16","author":"P. Todd","year":"1992","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"56","first-page":"11","article-title":"Toward the study of aesthetics in information technology","author":"N. Tractinsky","year":"2004"},{"key":"57","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Mensch & Computer","author":"N. Tractinsky","year":"2005"},{"key":"58","volume-title":"Not Everyone Gets a Trophy: How to Manage Generation Y","author":"B. Tulgan","year":"2009"},{"issue":"4","key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.2753\/JEC1086-4415130405","article-title":"Attributes of Web site usability: A study of Web users with the repertory grid technique","volume":"13","author":"L. Tung","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Electronic Commerce"},{"key":"60","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau. Oldest baby boomers turn 60. Washington, DC, 2006 (available at <a target=\"_blank\" href='http:\/\/www.sec.gov\/spotlight\/seniors\/oldestboomers2007.htm'>http:\/\/www.sec.gov\/spotlight\/seniors\/oldestboomers2007.htm<\/a>"},{"issue":"2","key":"61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.24.2.441","article-title":"Figure-ground organization and object recognition processes: An interactive account","volume":"24","author":"S. Vecera","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"62","first-page":"41","article-title":"Explaining effects of eye gaze on mediated group conversations: Amount or synchronization?","author":"R. Vertigaal","year":"2002"},{"key":"63","unstructured":"Vollman, A. U.S. retail e-commerce declines 3 percent in Q4 2008 versus year ago but sales for full year grew by 6 percent. <i>comScore<\/i>, February 2009 (available at <a target=\"_blank\" href='http:\/\/www.comscore.com\/Press_Events\/Press_Releases\/2009\/2\/Q4_2008_Retail_E-Commerce\/'>http:\/\/www.comscore.com\/Press_Events\/Press_Releases\/2009\/2\/Q4_2008_Retail_E-Commerce\/<\/a>"},{"issue":"4","key":"64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.2753\/JEC1086-4415130404","article-title":"Influence of Web advertising strategies, consumer goal-directedness, and consumer involvement on Web advertising effectiveness","volume":"13","author":"K. Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Electronic Commerce"},{"key":"65","unstructured":"Waters, J. Young, with tons of purchasing power. <i>Market Watch from Dow Jones<\/i>, October 11, 2006 (available at <a target=\"_blank\" href='http:\/\/www.marketwatch.com\/story\/youngamericans-a-giant-influence-on-buying-decisions-study\/'>http:\/\/www.marketwatch.com\/story\/youngamericans-a-giant-influence-on-buying-decisions-study\/<\/a>"},{"issue":"1","key":"66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acalib.2004.09.009","article-title":"Information-seeking behavior in Generation Y students: Motivation, critical thinking, and learning theory","volume":"31","author":"A. Weiler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Academic Librarianship"},{"issue":"1","key":"67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1080\/10864415.2002.11044259","article-title":"Mustering consent: Government-sponsored virtual communities and the incentives for buy-in","volume":"7","author":"L. Wilkins","year":"2002","journal-title":"International Journal of Electronic Commerce"},{"issue":"3","key":"68","article-title":"Workforce that doesn't retire: Baby boomers are no dummies, they know their value","volume":"24","author":"A. Yager","year":"2008","journal-title":"Practical Accountant"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Electronic Commerce"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2753\/JEC1086-4415150404","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]],"date-time":"2019-06-12T14:49:17Z","timestamp":1560350957000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.2753\/JEC1086-4415150404"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2753\/JEC1086-4415150404"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2753\/jec1086-4415150404","relation":{},"ISSN":["1086-4415","1557-9301"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1086-4415","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-9301","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}}}