{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T13:09:51Z","timestamp":1759410591133},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,1]],"date-time":"2004-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1080777600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In most of western Europe the rubella vaccine coverage is high. However, prior to the introduction of the vaccine in Latin America, rubella susceptibility in women of childbearing age was 10-25%. Forty one (93%) countries in Latin America have adopted the rubella vaccine since 2002. The adult immigrant population in Spain constitutes a group of susceptibles.\nIn February 2003, the Madrid Community Measles Elimination Plan detected an increase in rubella notifications in women who had been born in Latin America. A descriptive study was undertaken to characterise the outbreak. A confirmed case was a person with fever or rash and a positive IgM serology, and living in Madrid, between 1 December 2002 and 31 March 2003. The secondary attack rate (SAR) per household was calculated.\nA total of 19 cases of rubella were identified, 15 were confirmed and 4 were probable cases. Fourteen (73.7%) cases were women at childbearing age. The mean age was 25.1 years. One pregnancy was diagnosed with a voluntary termination. Eleven (57.9%) cases were from Ecuador. The mean time of residence in Spain was 41 months. None of the cases or the 54 (78.3%) household contacts had been vaccinated against rubella. The SAR was 9.1%.\nThis study showed the spread of rubella in the susceptible Latin American Community that is resident in Madrid. The interventions proposed were a vaccination programme towards immigrants, a health education campaign to prevent congenital rubella, and a health professional training programme case management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.09.04.00463-en","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,4]],"date-time":"2017-10-04T11:56:55Z","timestamp":1507118215000},"page":"19-20","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2807\/1560-7917.es.crp2020","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["New features of rubella in Spain: the evidence of an outbreak"],"prefix":"10.2807","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"C","family":"Lemos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training"},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Epidemiolog\u00eda, Programa de Epidemiolog\u00eda de Campo (PEAC), Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Ramirez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Publica, Servicio de Epidemiolog\u00eda de la Comunidad de Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Ordobas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Publica, Servicio de Epidemiolog\u00eda de la Comunidad de Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D H","family":"Guibert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Epidemiolog\u00eda, Programa de Epidemiolog\u00eda de Campo (PEAC), Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Publica, Servicio de Epidemiolog\u00eda de la Comunidad de Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J C","family":"Sanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Regional de Salud Publica del Instituto de Salud Publica de la Comunidad de Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Publica, Servicio de Epidemiolog\u00eda de la Comunidad de Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. F.","family":"Martinez Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Epidemiolog\u00eda, Programa de Epidemiolog\u00eda de Campo (PEAC), Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7995","container-title":["Eurosurveillance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T11:45:20Z","timestamp":1663242320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurosurveillance.org\/content\/10.2807\/esm.09.04.00463-en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2807\/esm.09.04.00463-en","relation":{},"ISSN":["1560-7917"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1560-7917","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,1]]}}}