{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T01:47:01Z","timestamp":1782179221814,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diving Hyperb Med"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: The aim of reporting these two cases is to present visual evidence by bronchoscopy of the origin of haemoptysis in two elite breath-hold divers.\nCase reports: Two male elite breath-hold divers of similar physical characteristics presented to our clinic after performing dives of up to 75 and 59 meters of seawater depth for 2:30 and 2:35 (minutes:seconds) respectively. Both patients presented with haemoptysis. Lung ultrasound was performed. The first patient had crackles on chest auscultation, overt pulmonary oedema clinically and 90 ultrasound lung comets. The second patient had no oedema or crackles, but presented with 20 ultrasound lung comets. Video bronchoscopy was performed which showed traces of blood coming from all three segments of the right upper lobe in both patients. The rest of the airways and lungs were intact.\nConclusions: These finding suggest that the apical parts of the lungs are the most prone to deep-dive induced damage. The\nprecise mechanism of lung barotrauma and haemoptysis in breath-hold divers remains to be elucidated. These findings may\nbe of importance for a better understanding of the underlying pathology of haemoptysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.28920\/dhm51.3.299-302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]],"date-time":"2021-09-22T23:17:51Z","timestamp":1632352671000},"page":"299-302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Haemoptysis in breath-hold divers; where does it come from?"],"prefix":"10.28920","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Igor","family":"Barkovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research and Education in Underwater, Hyperbaric and Maritime Medicine, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia, Department of Pulmonology, Clinic for Internal Medicine, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia, Department for Underwater and Hyperbaric medicine, Clinical Medical Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vitomir","family":"Mari\u010di\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDA - International Association for the Development of Apnea, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Reini\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Underwater and Hyperbaric medicine, Clinical Medical Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frano","family":"Marinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research and Education in Underwater, Hyperbaric and Maritime Medicine, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia, Department of Pulmonology, Clinic for Internal Medicine, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia, Department for Underwater and Hyperbaric medicine, Clinical Medical Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara Turk","family":"Wensveen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Specialized Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation of Cardiac, Pulmonary and Rheumatic Diseases, Thalassotherapia Opatija, Opatija, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"11463","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"container-title":["Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:51:26Z","timestamp":1782175886000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dhmjournal.com\/images\/51\/DHM_Vol51No3.pdf"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.28920\/dhm51.3.299-302","relation":{},"ISSN":["2209-1491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2209-1491","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]}}}