{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T04:07:11Z","timestamp":1777090031357,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diving Hyperb Med"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: In the diving community there is a special need to know if asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 disease impacts the cardiopulmonary functioning of individuals with occupational exposure to extreme environments. To date, no controlled studies have been conducted comparing COVID-19-infected hyperbaric employees and non-COVID-19-infected peers in a military setting. Methods: Between June 2020 and June 2021, healthy, hyperbaric, military personnel aged between 18 and 54 years old, who had recovered from asymptomatic or subclinical COVID-19 disease at least one month earlier, were analysed. Non-COVID-infected peers with medical assessments during the same period were used as the control group. Somatometry, spirometry, VO2 max, and DLCO were measured for each group. Results: No clinically relevant differences in somatometry, lung function tests, and exercise testing were found between the COVID-19 group and the controls. However, the percentage of individuals with a decrease in estimated VO2-max of 10% or more was significantly greater in the COVID group than in the control group (24 vs. 7.8%, P = 0.004). Conclusions: After asymptomatic or mild symptomatic COVID-19 infections, military hyperbaric employees are as fit as those who had not encountered COVID-19. As this research was based on a military population, it cannot be extrapolated to a nonmilitary population. Further studies in nonmilitary populations are necessary to determine the medical relevance of the present findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.28920\/dhm53.2.120-128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]],"date-time":"2023-06-27T19:40:31Z","timestamp":1687894831000},"page":"120-128","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["How fit are military hyperbaric personnel after an asymptomatic or mild symptomatic COVID-19 infection? A retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.28920","volume":"53","author":[{"name":"Royal Netherlands Navy Diving and Submarine Medical Center, 1780 CA Den Helder, The Netherlands","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan-Peter","family":"Schaap","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margy E","family":"Zuluaga Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Center for Man in Aviation, Royal Netherlands Air Force, 3769 DE Soesterberg, The Netherlands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoinette","family":"Houtkooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Royal Netherlands Navy Diving and Submarine Medical Center, 1780 CA Den Helder, The Netherlands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edwin L","family":"Endert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Royal Netherlands Navy Diving and Submarine Medical Center, 1780 CA Den Helder, The Netherlands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pieter-Jan AM","family":"van Ooij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Royal Netherlands Navy Diving and Submarine Medical Center, 1780 CA Den Helder, The Netherlands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"11463","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"container-title":["Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]],"date-time":"2023-06-27T19:40:38Z","timestamp":1687894838000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dhmjournal.com\/index.php\/journals?view=article&id=315"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.28920\/dhm53.2.120-128","relation":{},"ISSN":["2209-1491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2209-1491","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]}}}