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Of the 25 VBDs considered, 13 are listed under the EU Animal Health Law (AHL) and categorised according to disease control priorities, while 12 additional non\u2010listed diseases were included based on vector presence and epidemiological relevance. Surveillance emerges as the most comprehensively documented mitigation category and is recognised as the cornerstone of VBD risk management. Evidence supports its critical role in early detection, situational awareness and timely response through integrated monitoring of hosts, vectors, pathogens and environmental drivers. Movement restrictions are supported by a moderate evidence base, primarily derived from modelling studies, indicating that they can reduce transmission under specific epidemiological conditions; however, their stand\u2010alone effectiveness is difficult to quantify in real\u2010world outbreaks. Vaccination shows high efficacy and effectiveness for several key VBDs, including African horse sickness virus, bluetongue virus, lumpy skin disease virus and Rift Valley fever virus, with substantial reductions in infection, morbidity and mortality. Evidence for culling is limited and highly disease\u2010specific, and its effectiveness is generally contingent on the combination with other control measures. Medicinal treatments are limited to some groups of pathogens and demonstrate variable effectiveness, with emerging concerns regarding drug resistance. Biosecurity and vector control measures are supported by heterogeneous evidence, with chemical vector control showing robust entomological efficacy, but limited empirical data linking vector reduction to disease incidence. The report identifies key knowledge gaps and uncertainties across RMM categories and provides targeted recommendations for research to strengthen future VBD mitigation capacity in the EU.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T09:09:19Z","timestamp":1778663359000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Knowledge mapping of risk mitigation measures against vector\u2010borne diseases"],"prefix":"10.2903","volume":"24","author":[{"name":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ieva","family":"Baltusyte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Bigoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Broglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofie","family":"Dhollander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Tampach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Figuerola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans Hermann","family":"Thulke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel \u00c1ngel","family":"Chueca Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10060_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s11686-023-00770-2","article-title":"Parasitological, serological and molecular prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi among Arabian camels (Camelus dromedaries) with evaluation of Antitrypanosomal drugs","volume":"69","author":"Abdel\u2010Rady","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Parasitologica"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10060_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adam, I. 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