{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T09:24:40Z","timestamp":1787649880908,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["EFS2","EFSA Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract In accordance with Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 396\/2005, the applicants DE SANGOSSE S.A.S and Tilco\u2010Alginure submitted a request to the competent national authorities in France and Germany to modify the existing maximum residue levels (MRL) for the active substance potassium phosphonates in banana, pineapples, radish roots and leaves (classified under the subgroup of kales at the time of the MRL application), beans without pods, peas with and without pods and sugar beets. The data submitted in support of the requested uses were found to be sufficient to derive MRL proposals for all crops under assessment except peas with pods. Adequate analytical methods for enforcement are available to control the residues of phosphonic acid in plant matrices, the commodities under consideration at the validated LOQ of 0.1 mg\/kg. Based on the risk assessment results, EFSA concluded that the long\u2010term intake of residues resulting from the use of potassium phosphonate according to the reported agricultural practices according to the current ADI of 1 mg\/kg bw day is unlikely to present a risk to consumer health. A second assessment using the lower ADI of 0.69 mg\/kg bw per day proposed in the peer review of choline hydrogen phosphonate confirmed the exceedances previously identified during the peer review for the Dutch toddler and German children diets. Should the proposed lower ADI be endorsed by risk managers, EFSA recommends a revision of the assessment of the existing MRLs for phosphonic acid and its salts, expressed as phosphonic acid.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T09:15:26Z","timestamp":1787649326000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Modification of the existing maximum residue levels for potassium phosphonates in various crops"],"prefix":"10.2903","volume":"24","author":[{"name":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Bellisai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Bernasconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Castellan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"del Aguila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucien","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Leuschner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Mio\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Szot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Tiramani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Verani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) . (2012). Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance potassium phosphonates. EFSA Journal, 10(12), 2963. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2012.2963","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2012.2963"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) . (2013). Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of theactive substance disodium phosphonate. EFSA Journal, 11(5), 3213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2013.3213","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2013.3213"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , Brancato, A., Brocca, D., Ferreira, L., Greco, L., Jarrah, S., Leuschner, R., Medina, P., Miron, I., Nougadere, A., Pedersen, R., Reich, H., Santos, M., Stanek, A., Tarazona, J., Theobald, A., & Villamar\u2010Bouza, L. (2018a). Guidance on use of EFSA pesticide residue intake model (EFSA PRIMo revision 3). EFSA Journal, 16(1), 5147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2018.5147","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2018.5147"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) . (2018b). Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance fosetyl. EFSA Journal, 16(7), 5307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2018.5307","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2018.5307"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref5","unstructured":"EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , Anastassiadou, M., Brancato, A., Carrasco Cabrera, L., Ferreira, L., Greco, L., Jarrah, S., Kazocina, A., Leuschner, R., Magrans, J. O., Miron, I., Pedersen, R., Raczyk, M., Reich, H., Ruocco, S., Sacchi, A., Santos, M., Stanek, A., Tarazona, J., \u2026 Verani, A. (2019). Pesticide residue intake model\u2010 EFSA PRIMo revision 3.1 (update of EFSA PRIMo revision 3). EFSA Supporting Publications, EN\u20101605, 15 pp. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/sp.efsa.2019.EN\u20101605"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , Bellisai, G., Bernasconi, G., Brancato, A., Carrasco Cabrera, L., Ferreira, L., Giner, G., Greco, L., Jarrah, S., Kazocina, A., Leuschner, R., Magrans, J. O., Miron, I., Nave, S., Pedersen, R., Reich, H., Ruocco, S., Santos, M., Scarlato, A. P., \u2026 Verani, A. (2021a). Reasoned opinion on the joint review of maximum residue levels (MRLs) for fosetyl, disodium phosphonate and potassium phosphonates according to articles 12 and 43 of regulation (EC) No 396\/2005. EFSA Journal, 19(8), 6782. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2021.6782","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2021.6782"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) . (2021b). Scientific support for preparing an EU position for the 52nd session of the codex committee on pesticide residues (CCPR). EFSA Journal, 19(8), 6766. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2021.6766","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2021.6766"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , Bellisai, G., Bernasconi, G., Brancato, A., Carrasco Cabrera, L., Ferreira, L., Giner, G., Greco, L., Jarrah, S., Kazocina, A., Leuschner, R., Magrans, J. O., Miron, I., Nave, S., Pedersen, R., Reich, H., Ruocco, S., Santos, M., Scarlato, A. P., \u2026 Verani, A. (2021c). Reasoned opinion on the modification of the existing MRLs for potassium phosphonates in lemons, limes and mandarins and in herbal infusions from leaves and herbs. 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C., Ferreira, L., Giner, G., Greco, L., Jarrah, S., Leuschner, R., Magrans, J. O., Miron, I., Nave, S., Pedersen, R., Reich, H., Ruocco, S., Santos, M., Scarlato, A. P., Theobald, A., \u2026 Verani, A. (2022b). Reasoned opinion on the modification of the existing maximum residue levels for fosetyl\/phosphonic acid in apricots, cherries and plums resulting from the use of potassium phosphonates. EFSA Journal, 20(1), 7106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2022.7106","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2022.7106"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) . (2022c). Statement on the scientific statement on the maximum residue levels for potassium phosphonates. 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F., Chiusolo, A., Colagiorgi, A., Colas, M., Crivellente, F., De Lentdecker, C., De Magistris, I., Egsmose, M., Fait, G., Ferilli, F., Broussard, M. F., Santonja, G. G., Gouliarmou, V., \u2026 Villamar\u2010Bouza, L. (2025b). Updated peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance fosetyl. EFSA Journal, 23(8), e9513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2025.9513","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2025.9513"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , \u00c1lvarez, F., Arena, M., Auteri, D., Leite, S. B., Binaglia, M., Castoldi, A. F., Chiusolo, A., Colagiorgi, A., Colas, M., Crivellente, F., De Lentdecker, C., De Magistris, I., Egsmose, M., Fait, G., Ferilli, F., Santonja, G. G., Gouliarmou, V., Ippolito, A., \u2026 Villamar\u2010Bouza, L. (2026). Peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance choline hydrogen phosphonate. EFSA Journal, 24(8), e10288. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10288","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10288"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref18","unstructured":"European Commission . (1997a). Appendix A. Metabolism and distribution in plants. 7028\/VI\/95\u2010rev.3, 22 July 1997."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref19","unstructured":"European Commission . (1997b). Appendix B. General recommendations for the design, preparation and realization of residue trials. Annex 2. Classification of (minor) crops not listed in the Appendix of Council Directive 90\/642\/EEC. 7029\/VI\/95\u2010rev. 6, 22 July 1997."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref20","unstructured":"European Commission . (1997c). Appendix C. Testing of plant protection products in rotational crops. 7524\/VI\/95\u2010rev. 2, 22 July 1997."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref21","unstructured":"European Commission . (1997d). Appendix E. Processing studies. 7035\/VI\/95\u2010rev. 5, 22 July 1997."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref22","unstructured":"European Commission . (1997e). Appendix F. Metabolism and distribution in domestic animals. 7030\/VI\/95\u2010rev. 3, 22 July 1997."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref23","unstructured":"European Commission . (1997f). Appendix H. Storage stability of residue samples. 7032\/VI\/95\u2010rev. 5, 22 July 1997."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref24","unstructured":"European Commission . (1997g). Appendix I. Calculation of maximum residue level and safety intervals. 7039\/VI\/95 22 July 1997. As amended by the document: classes to be used for the setting of EU pesticide maximum residue levels (MRLs). SANCO 10634\/2010, finalised in the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health at its meeting of 23\u201324 March 2010."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref25","unstructured":"European Commission . (2010). Classes to be used for the setting of EU pesticide Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs). SANCO 10634\/2010\u2010rev. 0, Finalised in the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health at its meeting of 23\u201324 March 2010."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref26","unstructured":"European Commission . (2020). Technical guidelines on data requirements for setting maximum residue levels, comparability of residue trials and extrapolation on residue data on products from plant and animal origin. SANTE\/2019\/12752, 23 November 2020."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref27","unstructured":"European Commission . (2021). Guidance Document on Pesticide Analytical Methods for Risk Assessment and Post\u2010approval Control and Monitoring Purposes. SANTE\/2020\/12830, Rev.1 24. February 2021."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref28","unstructured":"European Commission . (2022). FINAL Review report for the active substance potassium phosphonates Finalised in the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health at its meeting on 15 March 2013 and updated by the Standing Committee on Plants, Animals, Food and Feed on 27 January 2022 in view of the approval of potassium phosphonates as active substance in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1107\/2009. SANCO\/10416\/2013\u2010Final, 27 January 2022."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref29","unstructured":"European Commission . (2023a). Guidance Document on Pesticide Analytical Methods for Risk Assessment and Post\u2010approval Control and Monitoring Purposes. SANTE\/2020\/12830, Rev.2 14. February 2023."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref30","unstructured":"European Commission . (2023b). Technical guidelines on data requirements for setting maximum residue levels, comparability of residue trials and extrapolation on residue data on products from plant and animal origin. SANTE\/2019\/12752, 10 May 2023."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref31","unstructured":"European Commission . (2023c). Technical Guideline on the Evaluation of Extraction Efficiency of Residue Analytical Methods. SANTE 2017\/10632, Rev. 5, 11 May 2023European Commission, 2025. Appendix D. Technical guidelines on data requirements for setting maximum residue levels, comparability of residue trials and extrapolation on residue data on products from plant and animal origin. SANTE\/2019\/12752\u2010rev.2\u201323 June 2025."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref32","unstructured":"FAO and WHO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) . (2016). Submission and evaluation of pesticide residues data for the estimation of maximum residue levels in food and feed. Pesticide Residues. 3rd Ed. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper 225, 298 pp."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref33","unstructured":"FAO and WHO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) . (2019). Fosetyl\u2010Al. In: Pesticide residues in food \u2013 2019. Report of the joint meeting of the FAO panel of experts on pesticide residues in food and the environment and the WHO Core assessment group on pesticide residues. Ottawa, Canada, 7\u201317 May 2019. Pesticide residue in food 2019, 360 pp."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref34","unstructured":"France . (2005). Draft Assessment Report (DAR) on the active substance potassium phosphite prepared by the rapporteur Member State France in the framework of Directive 91\/414\/EEC, January 2005. Available online: https:\/\/www.efsa.europa.eu"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref35","unstructured":"France . (2012). Final addendum to the draft assessment report on potassium phosphonates, compiled by EFSA, November 2012. Available online: https:\/\/www.efsa.europa.eu"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref36","unstructured":"France . (2018). Revised Renewal Assessment Report (RAR) on fosetyl prepared by the rapporteur Member State France in the framework of Regulation (EC) No 1107\/2009, March 2018. Available online: https:\/\/www.efsa.europa.eu"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref37","unstructured":"France . (2026). Evaluation report on the modification of MRLs for potassium phosphonates in apricots and cherries. April 2026, revised in June 2026, 111 pp. Available online: www.efsa.europa.eu"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref38","unstructured":"Germany . (2020). Evaluation report prepared under Article 43 of Regulation (EC) No 396\/2005. Review of theexisting MRLs for fosetyl, June 2020 revised in September 2020. Available online: https:\/\/www.efsa.europa.eu"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref39","unstructured":"Germany . (2026a). Evaluation report on the modification of MRLs for potassium phosphonates in legume vegetables. April 2026, 47 pp. Available online: www.efsa.europa.eu"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref40","unstructured":"Germany . (2026b). Evaluation report on the modification of MRLs for potassium phosphonates in sugar beet roots and the feed items sugar beet tops\/leaves, and fodder beet, mangel. April 2026, 58 pp. Available online: www.efsa.europa.eu"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref41","unstructured":"OECD (Organisation for Economic Co\u2010operation and Development) . (2007). Test No 506: Stability of pesticide residues in stored commodities, OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section\u00a05. OECD Publishing, Paris, 15 Oct 2007. Available online: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1787\/9789264061927"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref42","unstructured":"OECD (Organisation for Economic Co\u2010operation and Development) . (2008). Guidance document on the magnitude of pesticide residues in processed commodities. In: Series of Testing and Assessment No 96. ENV\/JM\/MONO(2008)23, 29 July 2008."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref43","unstructured":"OECD (Organisation for Economic Co\u2010operation and Development) . (2013). Guidance document on residues in livestock. In: Series on pesticides No 73. ENV\/JM\/MONO(2013)8, 04 September 2013."},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref44","unstructured":"OECD (Organisation for Economic Co\u2010operation and Development) . (2014). MRL calculator: Users guide and white paper, Series on Pesticides and Biocides, No. 56, OECD Publishing, Paris. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1787\/9789264221567\u2010en"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10290_ref45","unstructured":"OECD . (2025). Test No 506: Stability of pesticide residues in stored commodities, OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section\u00a05. OECD Publishing, Paris. 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