{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T09:52:43Z","timestamp":1791366763684,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["EFS2","EFSA Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety for the environment of feed additives containing trace elements, namely cobalt, copper, iodine, manganese, molybdenum, selenium and zinc. In agreement with the European Commission, the present scientific opinion assesses only cobalt and molybdenum, as these are currently authorised exclusively for use in terrestrial food\u2010producing animals. The safety for the environment of the remaining trace elements will be assessed in a subsequent scientific opinion. Based on the available evidence, the use of cobalt and molybdenum as nutritional additives in terrestrial food\u2010producing animals at the respective current maximum authorised levels in complete feed is considered safe for the environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T09:15:25Z","timestamp":1791364525000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Safety of maximum authorised levels of cobalt and molybdenum for the environment"],"prefix":"10.2903","volume":"24","author":[{"name":"EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP)","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto Edoardo","family":"Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Azimonti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleftherios","family":"Bonos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mojca","family":"Durjava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"Dusemund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronette","family":"Gehring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boet","family":"Glandorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryline","family":"Kouba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"L\u00f3pez\u2010Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Marcon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Martelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Nebbia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alena","family":"Pechov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Prieto\u2010Maradona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Theodoridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Finizio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Poiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Teodorovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Tarr\u00e9s\u2010Call","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10347_ref1","unstructured":"Cristache, C., Comero, S., Locoro, G., Fissiaux, I., Alonso Ruiz, A., Toth, G., & Gawlik, B. M. (2014). JRC technical reports: Comparative study on open system digestion vs microwave assisted digestion methods for trace element analysis in agricultural soils. European Commission, Joint Research Centre. Institute for Environment and Sustainability. ISBN 978\u201092\u201079\u201038176\u20108 (PDF). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2788\/79443"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10347_ref2","first-page":"20","article-title":"EGG: European groundwater geochemistry. Special issue: Towards 2020: Groundwater research in Europe","volume":"40","author":"Demetriades","year":"2015","journal-title":"European Geologist"},{"key":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.10347_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA FEEDAP Panel (EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed) , Bampidis, V., Bastos, M., Christensen, H., Dusemund, B., Kouba, M., Kos Durjava, M., L\u00f3pez\u2010Alonso, M., L\u00f3pez Puente, S., Marcon, F., Mayo, B., Pechov\u00e1, A., Petkova, M., Ramos, F., Sanz, Y., Villa, R. E., Woutersen, R., Brock, T., \u2026 Azimonti, G. (2019). Guidance on the assessment of the safety of feed additives for the environment. 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