{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:16:08Z","timestamp":1785424568326,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Canadian Society of Respiratory Therapists","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692835200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"introduction\">\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum vitamin D deficiency is thought to be associated with worse clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single-centre observational study evaluated the association between serum vitamin D levels and negative outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Ukraine. We included hospitalized patients with COVID-19 confirmed by PCR and serum vitamin D measurement on admission. Patients were divided into two groups based on their serum vitamin D level: with adequate vitamin D (\u2265 30 ng\/ml) and with low vitamin D (&lt;30 ng\/ml). Outcomes such as death and the need for respiratory support were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 70 patients were included. The gender; severity of COVID-19; comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2, obesity; type of respiratory support, and the length of hospital stay did not differ in both groups. Patients with low serum vitamin D levels have higher C-reactive protein levels 26.14 mg\/L [Q1, Q3: 16.61, 57.79] compared to another group 13.43 mg\/L [Q1, Q3: 8.84, 27.58]. Low vitamin D level was associated with an increased risk of respiratory support need OR [Odds ratio] 2.925 [95% CI, 1.0839 to 7.8931]. However, after adjustment for age, gender, and common comorbidities, it did not remain significant. Vitamin D serum levels did not significantly differ in patients who died during hospitalization compared to those who survived.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"conclusion\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The role of vitamin D as a sole predictor of mortality and respiratory support appears to be overestimated. Low vitamin D levels may have a greater impact on COVID-19 outcomes in hospitalized elderly patients with comorbidities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.29390\/001c.87408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T10:54:40Z","timestamp":1693306480000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Vitamin D as a predictor of negative outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: An observational study"],"prefix":"10.29390","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1493-6558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Volodymyr","family":"Bogomaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03edafd86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Bogomolets National Medical University","department":["Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6201-3710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofiia","family":"Shatylo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03edafd86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Bogomolets National Medical University","department":["Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"11956","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"MedCalc\u00ae Statistical Software version 20.215","year":"2023"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.4103\/ajm.ajm_20_18","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in elderly: Risk factors and drugs impact on vitamin D status","volume":"8","author":"Hasan Kweder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Avicenna Journal of Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2231-0770","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.97324","article-title":"Vitamin D in Elderly","author":"Malgorzata Kupisz-Urba\u0144ska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vitamin D"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040024","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1040024","article-title":"C-Reactive Protein (CRP): A poor prognostic biomarker in COVID-19","volume":"13","author":"Mohamed Zakaria Bouayed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1664-3224","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745713","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.745713","article-title":"Is There a Crucial Link Between Vitamin D Status and Inflammatory Response in Patients With COVID-19?","volume":"12","author":"Federica Saponaro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1664-3224","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2992","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26832","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency is associated with COVID-19 positivity and severity of the disease","volume":"93","author":"Mustafa Demir","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0146-6615","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.4081\/reumatismo.2020.1333","article-title":"Vitamin D and disease severity in coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)","volume":"72","author":"G. 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