{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T09:40:07Z","timestamp":1771494007337,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"American Mosquito Control Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n        <jats:p>We investigated the efficacy of a liquid larvicide, Natular 2EC\u00ae (spinosad), applied with ultra-low volume sprayer as a residual application during the dry season in southeastern Thailand against 4 medically important species\u2014<jats:italic>Aedes aegypti<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Anopheles dirus<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>An. minimus<\/jats:italic>. We found that this larvicide could be applied as a residual to dry areas known to collect water and potentially still be effective after rains or irrigation, which could increase the flexibility and efficiency of an integrated vector management program targeting these species. This investigation also demonstrated, for the 1st time, efficacy of spinosad against <jats:italic>An. minimus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>An. dirus<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2987\/17-6692.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,23]],"date-time":"2018-03-23T17:45:10Z","timestamp":1521827110000},"page":"58-62","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Ultra-Low Volume Application of Spinosad (Natular 2EC) Larvicide as a Residual in a Tropical Environment Against Aedes and Anopheles Species"],"prefix":"10.2987","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Seth C.","family":"Britch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth J.","family":"Linthicum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert L.","family":"Aldridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frances V.","family":"Golden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arissara","family":"Pongsiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10400, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patcharee","family":"Khongtak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10400, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alongkot","family":"Ponlawat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10400, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1569","reference":[{"key":"i8756-971X-34-1-58-Abbott1","series-title":"J Econ Entomol","first-page":"265","article-title":"A method of computing the effectiveness of insecticide","volume":"18","author":"Abbott \n              WS.","year":"1925","unstructured":"Abbott \n              WS.\n            \n          \n          1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of insecticide. J Econ Entomol18:265\u2013267."},{"key":"i8756-971X-34-1-58-Aldridge1","series-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc","first-page":"53","article-title":"Truck mounted Natular 2EC (spinosad) ULV residual treatment in a simulated urban environment to control Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in North Florida","volume":"34","author":"Aldridge \n              RL.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aldridge \n              RL.\n            \n            \n              Golden \n              FV.\n            \n            \n              Britch \n              S.\n            \n            \n              Blersch \n              J.\n            \n            \n              Linthicum \n              KJ.\n            \n          \n          2018. Truck mounted Natular 2EC (spinosad) ULV residual treatment in a simulated urban environment to control Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in North Florida. J Am Mosq Control Assoc34:53\u201357."},{"key":"i8756-971X-34-1-58-Bond1","series-title":"Med Vet Entomol","first-page":"50","article-title":"The naturally derived insecticide spinosad is highly toxic to Aedes and Anopheles mosquito larvae","volume":"18","author":"Bond \n              JG.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bond \n              JG.\n            \n            \n              Marina \n              CF.\n            \n            \n              Williams \n              T.\n            \n          \n          2004. The naturally derived insecticide spinosad is highly toxic to Aedes and Anopheles mosquito larvae. Med Vet Entomol18:50\u201356."},{"key":"i8756-971X-34-1-58-Darriet1","series-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc","first-page":"495","article-title":"Spinosad: a new larvicide against insecticide-resistant mosquito larvae","volume":"21","author":"Darriet \n              F.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Darriet \n              F.\n            \n            \n              Duchon \n              S.\n            \n            \n              Hougard \n              JM.\n            \n          \n          2005. Spinosad: a new larvicide against insecticide-resistant mosquito larvae. 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J Am Mosq Control Assoc26:67\u201387."},{"key":"i8756-971X-34-1-58-Kirst1","series-title":"J Antibiot","first-page":"101","article-title":"The spinosyn family of insecticides: realizing the potential of natural products research","volume":"63","author":"Kirst \n              HA.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kirst \n              HA.\n            \n          \n          2010. The spinosyn family of insecticides: realizing the potential of natural products research. J Antibiot63:101\u2013111."},{"key":"i8756-971X-34-1-58-Kittayapong1","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"601","article-title":"Distribution of container-inhabiting Aedes larvae (Diptera: Culicidae) at a dengue focus in Thailand","volume":"30","author":"Kittayapong \n              P.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kittayapong \n              P.\n            \n            \n              Strickman \n              D.\n            \n          \n          1993. Distribution of container-inhabiting Aedes larvae (Diptera: Culicidae) at a dengue focus in Thailand. J Med Entomol30:601\u2013606."},{"key":"i8756-971X-34-1-58-Marina1","series-title":"Pest Manag Sci","first-page":"114","article-title":"Spinosad as an effective larvicide for control of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti, vectors of dengue in southern Mexico","volume":"67","author":"Marina \n              CF.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Marina \n              CF.\n            \n            \n              Bond \n              JG.\n            \n            \n              Casas \n              M.\n            \n            \n              Mu\u00f1oz \n              J.\n            \n            \n              Orozco \n              A.\n            \n            \n              Valle \n              J.\n            \n            \n              Williams \n              T.\n            \n          \n          2011. Spinosad as an effective larvicide for control of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti, vectors of dengue in southern Mexico. Pest Manag Sci67:114\u2013121."},{"key":"i8756-971X-34-1-58-Rattanarithikul1","series-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc","first-page":"428","article-title":"Larval habitats of malaria vectors and other Anopheles mosquitoes around a transmission focus in northwestern Thailand","volume":"11","author":"Rattanarithikul \n              R.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Rattanarithikul \n              R.\n            \n            \n              Green \n              CA.\n            \n            \n              Panyim \n              S.\n            \n            \n              Noigamol \n              C.\n            \n            \n              Chanaimongkol \n              S.\n            \n            \n              Mahapibul \n              P.\n            \n          \n          1995. Larval habitats of malaria vectors and other Anopheles mosquitoes around a transmission focus in northwestern Thailand. J Am Mosq Control Assoc11:428\u2013433."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamca.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/moco\/34\/1\/article-p58.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jamca\/article-pdf\/34\/1\/58\/1816428\/17-6692_1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jamca.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/moco\/34\/1\/article-p58.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jamca.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/moco\/34\/1\/article-p58.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:36:54Z","timestamp":1747355814000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamca.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/moco\/34\/1\/article-p58.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2987\/17-6692.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["8756-971X","1943-6270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8756-971X","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-6270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}}}