{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T15:47:10Z","timestamp":1790092030843,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Korean Neuropsychiatric Association","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615334400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1D1A1A02048972"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1D1A1A02048972"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004085","name":"Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Seoul St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["psychiatryinvestigation.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Investig"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective To investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and tinnitus, and the mediating effects of psychological distress on this association.Methods Eighty-six patients experiencing tinnitus and 252 controls were recruited. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory was used to assess the severity of tinnitus and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory-II (BAI-II), and the Korean version of the Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument (BEPSI-K) were used to assess psychological distress. We compared the association of &lt;i&gt;BDNF&lt;\/i&gt; rs6265 (Val66Met) and &lt;i&gt;5-HTTLPR&lt;\/i&gt; variants in the two groups. The mediating effects of BDI-II, BAI-II, and BEPSI-K were examined using multiple regression analysis and validated by the Sobel test and bootstrapping.Results No significant differences were found between the groups regarding &lt;i&gt;BDNF&lt;\/i&gt; Val66Met and &lt;i&gt;5-HTTLPR&lt;\/i&gt;, but the &lt;i&gt;5-HTTLPR&lt;\/i&gt; variants trended toward association. Depressive symptoms appeared to act as a mediator on the relationship within the &lt;i&gt;5-HTTLPR&lt;\/i&gt; s\/s genotype and the severity of tinnitus.Conclusion Our findings provide a speculative idea on the association between the serotonergic system and tinnitus and suggest that depressive symptoms act as a mediator in tinnitus. Therefore, screening for depressive symptoms in patients with tinnitus is essential and intervention for depressive symptoms may help alleviate the severity of tinnitus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.30773\/pi.2020.0295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T06:36:50Z","timestamp":1615271810000},"page":"187-195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30773\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Mediating Effect of Psychological Distress on the Association between BDNF, 5-HTTLPR, and Tinnitus Severity"],"prefix":"10.30773","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jo-Eun","family":"Jeong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sekye","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae 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