{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T09:22:44Z","timestamp":1778750564988,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Korean Neuropsychiatric Association","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719187200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012553","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG CORPG3L0021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG CORPG3L0021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["psychiatryinvestigation.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Investig"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective Anxious depression is a prevalent characteristic observed in Asian psychiatric patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aims to investigate the prevalence and clinical presentation of anxious depression in Taiwanese individuals diagnosed with MDD.Methods We recruited psychiatric outpatients aged over 18 who had been diagnosed with MDD through clinical interviews. This recruitment took place at five hospitals located in northern Taiwan. We gathered baseline clinical and demographic information from the participants. Anxious depression was identified using a threshold of an anxiety\/somatization factor score \u22657 on the 21-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D).Results In our study of 399 patients (84.21% female), 64.16% met the criteria for anxious depression. They tended to be older, married, less educated, with more children, and an older age of onset. Anxious depression patients had higher HAM-D and Clinical Global Impression\u2013Severity scale score, more panic disorder (without agoraphobia), and exhibited symptoms like agitation, irritability, concentration difficulties, psychological and somatic anxiety, somatic complaints, hypochondriasis, weight loss, and increased insight. Surprisingly, their suicide rates did not significantly differ from non-anxious depression patients. This highlights the importance of recognizing and addressing these unique characteristics.Conclusion Our study findings unveiled that the prevalence of anxious depression among Taiwanese outpatients diagnosed with MDD was lower compared to inpatients but substantially higher than the reported rates in European countries and the United States. Furthermore, patients with anxious depression exhibited a greater occurrence of somatic symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.30773\/pi.2023.0419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T00:38:28Z","timestamp":1719275908000},"page":"561-572","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30773\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Clinical Characteristics and Manifestation of Anxious Depression Among Patients With Major Depressive Disorders-Results From a Taiwan Multicenter Study"],"prefix":"10.30773","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2248-9129","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Huang-Li","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1569-5891","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wei-Yang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2368-6266","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chun-Hao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8631-0023","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wei-Yu","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8364-0934","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ya-Ting","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1284-7260","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chin-Fu","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6773-4111","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hsiao-Hui","family":"Tsou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1543-5990","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chia-Yih","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"12228","reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"160","volume-title":"Comorbid depression and anxiety spectrum disorders","author":"Gorman","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"244","volume-title":"The comorbidity of major depression and anxiety disorders: recognition and management in primary care","author":"Hirschfeld","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"210","volume-title":"Anxious and non-anxious major depressive disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys","author":"Kessler","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"819","volume-title":"Is there a relationship between depression with anxious distress DSM-5 specifier and bipolarity? A multicenter cohort study on patients with unipolar, bipolar I and II disorders","author":"Tundo","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"120","volume-title":"Diagnostic consequences of a new category of anxious depression and a reduced duration requirement for anxiety symptoms in the ICD-11 PHC","author":"Ziebold","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"17","volume-title":"Patients with anxious depression: overview of prevalence, pathophysiology and impact on course and treatment outcome","author":"Gaspersz","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"PCC.13r01621","volume-title":"Pharmacologic treatment of dimensional anxious depression: a review","author":"Ionescu","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"342","volume-title":"Difference in treatment outcome in outpatients with anxious versus nonanxious depression: a STAR*D report","author":"Fava","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"855","volume-title":"A comparison of inpatients with anxious depression to those with nonanxious depression","author":"Lin","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"1047","volume-title":"Prevalence and treatment outcome in anxious versus nonanxious depression: results from the German Algorithm Project","author":"Wiethoff","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"667","volume-title":"Mediating effect of neurocognition between severity of symptoms and social-occupational function in anxious depression","author":"Liu","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref12","volume-title":""},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"56","volume-title":"A rating scale for depression","author":"Hamilton","year":"1960"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"119","volume-title":"Fluoxetine versus sertraline and paroxetine in major depression: tolerability and efficacy in anxious depression","author":"Fava","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"294516","volume-title":"On the differential diagnosis of anxious from nonanxious major depression by means of the Hamilton scales","author":"Konstantakopoulos","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"823","volume-title":"What clinical and symptom features and comorbid disorders characterize outpatients with anxious major depressive disorder: a replication and extension","author":"Fava","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"50","volume-title":"Fluoxetine, placebo, and tricyclic antidepressants in major depression with and without anxious features","author":"Tollefson","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"278","volume-title":"Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness","author":"Hamilton","year":"1967"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"65","volume-title":"Standardized rater training for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) in psychiatric novices","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"561","volume-title":"An inventory for measuring depression","author":"Beck","year":"1961"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"447","volume-title":"[Validation of the Chinese version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory]","author":"Che","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"834","volume-title":"Difference in remission in a Chinese population with anxious versus nonanxious treatment-resistant depression: a report of OPERATION study","author":"Wu","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"219","volume-title":"Comorbid anxiety and depression: clinical and conceptual consideration and transdiagnostic treatment","author":"Choi","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"e363","volume-title":"Depression and anxiety in pregnancy","author":"Fishell","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"475","volume-title":"Attachment insecurity, depression, and the transition to parenthood","author":"Feeney","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"26","volume-title":"A study of relationship between love with depression and anxiety in married individuals","author":"Zarghi","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"95","volume-title":"[Marital satisfaction and marital status as a protective factor of depression and anxiety]","author":"Bastida-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"1159","volume-title":"The incidence of first-onset depression in a population followed from the age of 70 to 85","author":"Pa\u013asson","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"663","volume-title":"Personality and risk for depression in a birth cohort of 70-year-olds followed for 15 years","author":"Duberstein","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"1360","volume-title":"Clinical trials in psychiatry. By B. Everitt and S. Wessely. (Pp. 189; \u00a327.50; ISBN 0-19-852642-3.) Oxford University Press: Oxford. 2003","author":"Kennedy","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"62","volume-title":"Sensitivity to detect change and the correlation of clinical factors with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory in depressed inpatients","author":"Schneibel","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"e24","volume-title":"Translating the BDI and BDI-II into the HAMD and vice versa with equipercentile linking","author":"Furukawa","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"281","volume-title":"The relationship of neuroticism and extraversion to symptoms of anxiety and depression in the general population","author":"Jylh\u00e4","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"25","volume-title":"Discrepancies between self-rated depression and observed depression severity: the effects of personality and dysfunctional attitudes","author":"Ma","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Practice guideline for the assessment and treatment of patients with suicidal behaviors","author":"Jacobs","year":"2003"}],"container-title":["Psychiatry Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/psychiatryinvestigation.org\/upload\/pdf\/pi-2023-0419.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/psychiatryinvestigation.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.30773\/pi.2023.0419","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/psychiatryinvestigation.org\/upload\/pdf\/pi-2023-0419.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T02:18:07Z","timestamp":1719886687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/psychiatryinvestigation.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.30773\/pi.2023.0419"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30773\/pi.2023.0419","relation":{},"ISSN":["1738-3684","1976-3026"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1738-3684","type":"print"},{"value":"1976-3026","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}