{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T02:49:55Z","timestamp":1788922195024,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Korean Neuropsychiatric Association","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750032000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2022YFC3300905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3300905"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2023YFC3304202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3304202"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Medical and Health Leading Academic Discipline Project","award":["00-F06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00-F06"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Medical and Technology Project","award":["2024KY348"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024KY348"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["LQ24H090010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ24H090010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ningbo Top Medical and Health Research Program","award":["2022030410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022030410"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["psychiatryinvestigation.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Investig"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are involved in the development of opioid use disorder. The (GT)n polymorphism (rs3219790) in the NMDA receptor 2A subunit gene (&lt;i&gt;GRIN2A&lt;\/i&gt;) has been proposed as a potential biomarker for risk of opioid use disorder. In this case-control study, we investigated the association between rs3219790 and opioid use disorder in a Chinese Han population.Methods A total of 538 heroin dependent patients and 400 healthy controls were recruited. The genotypes of (GT)n repeats were determined using a polymerase chain reaction-amplifying fragment length polymorphism assay. The association of the (GT)n polymorphism with opioid use disorder and cravings was assessed.Results The frequency of the (GT)&lt;sub&gt;26&lt;\/sub&gt; allele in patients with opioid use disorder was significantly greater than that in the controls (p=0.029, odds ratio=1.264, 95% confidence interval=1.025\u20131.560), consistent with previous findings. Compared with homozygous carriers of short alleles, carriers of long alleles demonstrated significantly stronger drug cravings (p&lt;0.05).Conclusion The results confirm that the (GT)&lt;sub&gt;26&lt;\/sub&gt; allele of rs3219790 in the &lt;i&gt;GRIN2A&lt;\/i&gt; promoter is associated with opioid use disorder. Additionally, a longer rs3219790 allele is correlated with stronger drug cravings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.30773\/pi.2025.0090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T04:39:39Z","timestamp":1750135179000},"page":"730-735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30773\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association Between the (GT)26 Allele in the GRIN2A Promoter and Opioid Use Disorder"],"prefix":"10.30773","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0100-6370","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaohu","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0303-7960","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dingding","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6594-6428","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Longhui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6145-1568","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tingting","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6840-5707","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wenwen","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2662-3006","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yue","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4749-3960","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wenjin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0424-2926","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qingxiao","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2614-6769","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zemin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5750-5337","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Weisheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3010-499X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jun","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4804-7559","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wenhua","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2559-3466","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Huifen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"12228","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2018.07.014"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a039735"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13722-021-00278-y"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.659"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"298","volume-title":"Structure, function, and pharmacology of glutamate receptor ion channels","author":"Hansen","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a039602"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2008.07.011"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2011.04.015"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Are NMDA receptors involved in opiate-induced neural and behavioral plasticity? A review of preclinical studies","author":"Trujillo","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.06.002"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2020.09.005"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/373151a0"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.23-16-06529.2003"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2007.01.027"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1432.028"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20640"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-018-0877-3"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008571-200305000-00006"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2015.05.011"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"269","volume-title":"Functional (GT)n polymorphisms in promoter region of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor 2A subunit (GRIN2A) gene affect hippocampal and amygdala volumes","author":"Inoue","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304-3940(03)00501-9"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.12.013"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.09.022"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2023.08.004"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2011.00321.x"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070817"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4238\/2014.october.27.12"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"675","volume-title":"Initial validation of two opiate craving questionnaires the obsessive compulsive drug use scale and the desires for drug questionnaire","author":"Franken","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1747-597x-7-44"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0197-2456(98)00037-3"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2149"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01649-w"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109668"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-022-02253-w"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-016-9715-7"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-023-02265-y"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-183x.2009.00501.x"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2015.08.003"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.121176998"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.10.023"}],"container-title":["Psychiatry Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/psychiatryinvestigation.org\/upload\/pdf\/pi-2025-0090.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/psychiatryinvestigation.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.30773\/pi.2025.0090","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/psychiatryinvestigation.org\/upload\/pdf\/pi-2025-0090.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T01:37:09Z","timestamp":1750642629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/psychiatryinvestigation.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.30773\/pi.2025.0090"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30773\/pi.2025.0090","relation":{},"ISSN":["1976-3026"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1976-3026","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}