{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T05:03:35Z","timestamp":1761195815083,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Korean Neuropsychiatric Association","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00440371"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00440371"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["psychiatryinvestigation.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Investig"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective This study aimed to examine the associations between age group, alcohol drinking status, and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) over a 2-year period in individuals who have sustained physical injuries.Methods Participants were consecutively recruited from a trauma center and prospectively followed for 2 years. At baseline, alcohol drinking status was assessed using consumption history and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Age was categorized into younger (&lt;60 years) and older (\u226560 years) groups. A range of socio-demographic and clinical covariates were also collected. PTSD diagnosis during follow-up (3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-month post-injury) was established using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). Binary and multinomial logistic regression analyses explored the relationships between alcohol drinking status, age group, and PTSD.Results Of 1,047 participants, 122 (11.7%) developed PTSD: 8.2% at 3 months, 7.2% at 6 months, 4.7% at 12 months, and 3.8% at 24 months. Younger age was significantly associated with PTSD. While alcohol use alone wasn\u2019t linked to PTSD, it modified the age-PTSD relationship. This effect was weaker in hazardous drinkers (AUDIT \u22658) and stronger in low-risk drinkers (AUDIT &lt;8), particularly at later follow-ups (6\u201324 months), but not at 3 months.Conclusion A significant alcohol-dependent association between age and PTSD highlights the need for targeted prevention strategies considering both alcohol use and age in physically injured individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.30773\/pi.2025.0171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T04:24:22Z","timestamp":1759379062000},"page":"1200-1208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30773\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Alcohol Drinking and the Associations Between Age and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.30773","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7409-6306","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jae-Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9888-1090","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ju-Wan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4784-4820","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hee-Ju","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0355-811X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hyunseok","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6774-1861","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jung-Chul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5240-4213","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Byung Jo","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0653-7223","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ju-Yeon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6739-2163","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sung-Wan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5370-7649","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Il-Seon","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"12228","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2012.02.015"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2020.06.001"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07317115.2018.1539801"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2016.12.016"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"1353383","volume-title":"Trauma and PTSD in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys","author":"Kessler","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2013.07.011"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01639360903140106"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000185"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2236-1"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2017.14.4.513"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"187","volume-title":"The injury severity score: a method for describing patients with multiple injuries and evaluating emergency care","author":"Baker","year":"1974"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"81","volume-title":"Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. 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