{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T04:05:38Z","timestamp":1751601938161,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Editorial de la Universidad de Granada","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750204800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["dynamis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper offers a periodization of the history of plague in Brazil. It is based on the ways in which experts and public health officers framed the disease, the elements they considered responsible for its spread, and changes in these elements over time. In accordance with this periodization, the article first argues that the ecology of plague became progressively more complex in the 20th century, suggesting the rise of a more ecological-oriented view among Brazilian doctors. It then proposes that political and institutional transformations also shaped this intellectual change in the epidemiological reasoning about pla gue in Brazil. The periodization is divided into three phases. The first phase ex tends from 1897, with the start of discussions about the risk of plague arriving in Brazil from Asia, to 1920, with a substantial reduction in the number of plague cases in coastal cities. In this initial phase, the framing of the plague transitioned from a disease spread by humans and the objects they touched to one spread by rats and their fleas. The second phase, from 1920 to 1950, was characterized by the hegemony of rats in epidemiological explanations for the presence of plague in cities and rural areas of Brazil. The third and final phase, from 1951 to the early 1970s, was characterized by the progressive inclusion of wild rodents into scientific explanations for the spread and especially persistence of plague in some foci, mainly in the North-East. At the end of this phase, the scientific consensus in Brazil was that wild rodents constituted the main plague reservoir.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.30827\/dynamis.v45i1.33090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T10:03:14Z","timestamp":1751536994000},"page":"109-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Towards a complex ecology: an essay on plague history in Brazil (1890s-1970s)"],"prefix":"10.30827","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0982-6231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Duarte da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"12278","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"504348","unstructured":"Almeida, C\u00e9lio Rodrigues de, and Alzira Maria Paiva de Almeida. \u201cLe Probleme de la Peste au Br\u00e9sil\u201d. Paris, 1976. 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Brazil-M\u00e9dico XIV, no. 5 (1900): 42-43."},{"key":"504429","unstructured":"Terni, Camillo, Em\u00edlio Gomes, and Zacarias Franco. \u201cThe Plague in Rio de Janeiro\u201d, Report Attached to the Letter from Lord George Francis Hamilton, His Majesty\u2018s Secretary of State for India, to the Government of India\u201d. Rio de Janeiro, 19 September 1900. India Office Records and Private Papers, Cote: IOR\/ L\/E\/7\/440. British Library."},{"key":"504430","unstructured":"Vasconcellos, Henrique Figueiredo de. \u201cBr\u00e9sil. (Rio-de-Janeiro) Cas et D\u00e9c\u00e8s de Peste de 1900 \u00e0 1909\/Rats Incin\u00e9r\u00e9s de 1903 \u00e0 1909 et de Maison Rendues Imp\u00e9n\u00e9trables aux Rats de 1903 \u00e0 1909\u201d. Bulletin Mensuel de l\u2019Office International d\u2019Hygi\u00e8ne Publique II, no. 6 (1910): 933-34."},{"key":"504431","unstructured":"Vasconcellos, Henrique Figueiredo de. \u201cLa Prophylaxie de la Peste \u00e0 Rio de Janeiro\u201d. 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