{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T16:54:34Z","timestamp":1782147274940,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Allerton Press","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aut. Control Comp. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.3103\/s0146411626700069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T16:25:38Z","timestamp":1782145538000},"page":"48-59","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Traditional Chinese Medicine Tongue Image Intelligent Recognition Model Combining Attention Mechanism and Convolutional Neural Network"],"prefix":"10.3103","volume":"60","author":[{"family":"Hongbo Chu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qihang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongmei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1627","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"7951_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.26480\/aim.01.2024.05.10","volume":"8","author":"Yv Okoro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Okoro, Yv.O., Ayo-Farai, O., Maduka, Ch.P., Okongwu, Ch.Ch., and Sodamade, O.T., Emerging technologies in public health campaigns: Artificial intelligence and big data, Acta Informatica Malaysia, 2024, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 5\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26480\/aim.01.2024.05.10","journal-title":"Acta Informatica Malaysia"},{"key":"7951_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37661","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-15061-1","volume":"82","author":"W. Kusakunniran","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kusakunniran, W., Borwarnginn, P., Imaromkul, T., Aukkapinyo, K., Thongkanchorn, K., Wattanadhirach, D., Mongkolluksamee, S., Thammasudjarit, R., Ritthipravat, P., Tuakta, P., and Benjapornlert, P., Automated tongue segmentation using deep encoder-decoder model, Multimedia Tools Appl., 2023, vol. 82, no. 24, pp.\u00a037661\u201337686. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-023-15061-1","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools Appl."},{"key":"7951_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.26480\/aim.01.2023.29.32","volume":"7","author":"A.H. Sadhin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sadhin, A.H., Real-time tomato leaf disease classification using convolutional neural network, Acta Informatica Malaysia, 2023, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 29\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26480\/aim.01.2023.29.32","journal-title":"Acta Informatica Malaysia"},{"key":"7951_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s13721-021-00319-1","volume":"10","author":"S.N. Deepa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Deepa, S.N. and Banerjee, A., Intelligent decision support model using tongue image features for healthcare monitoring of diabetes diagnosis and classification, Network Model. Anal. Health Inf. Bioinf., 2021, vol. 10, no.\u00a01, p. 41. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13721-021-00319-1","journal-title":"Network Model. Anal. Health Inf. Bioinf."},{"key":"7951_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcmed.2022.03.005","volume":"5","author":"P. Chengdong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chengdong, P., Li, W., Dongmei, J., Nuo, Ya., Renming, Ch., and Changwu, D., Establishing and validating a spotted tongue recognition and extraction model based on multiscale convolutional neural network, Digital Chin. Med., 2022, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 49\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dcmed.2022.03.005","journal-title":"Digital Chin. Med."},{"key":"7951_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/bxaa022","volume":"65","author":"S. Naveed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Naveed, S., G, G., and S, L., Early diabetes discovery from tongue images, Comput. J., 2022, vol. 65, no. 2, pp.\u00a0237\u2013250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/comjnl\/bxaa022","journal-title":"Comput. J."},{"key":"7951_CR7","unstructured":"Luo, S.P., Zhang, Z.Y., Yang, S.W., et al., Research on early warning of enterprise financial risk based on neural network model, Advances in Industrial Engineering and Management, 2023, no. 1, p. 12."},{"key":"7951_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1049\/cit2.12110","volume":"8","author":"Q. Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang, Q., Xiao, J., Tian, Ch., Chun-wei Lin, J., and Zhang, Sh., A robust deformed convolutional neural network (CNN) for image denoising, CAAI Trans. Intell. Technol., 2023, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 331\u2013342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1049\/cit2.12110","journal-title":"CAAI Trans. Intell. Technol."},{"key":"7951_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2020.12.010","volume":"173","author":"T. Kattenborn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kattenborn, T., Leitloff, J., Schiefer, F., and Hinz, S., Review on convolutional neural networks (CNN) in vegetation remote sensing, ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens., 2021, vol. 173, no. 6, pp. 24\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2020.12.010","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"7951_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.37965\/jait.2022.0101","volume":"2","author":"M. Zheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zheng, M., Zhi, K., Zeng, J., Tian, Ch., and You, L., A hybrid CNN for image denoising, Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, 2022, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 93\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37965\/jait.2022.0101","journal-title":"Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Technology"},{"key":"7951_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20283","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-14434-w","volume":"82","author":"S.R. Waheed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Waheed, S.R., Rahim, M.Sh.M., Suaib, N.M., and Salim, A.A., RETRACTED ARTICLE: CNN deep learning-based image to vector depiction, Multimedia Tools Appl., 2023, vol. 82, no. 13, pp. 20283\u201320302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-023-14434-w","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools Appl."},{"key":"7951_CR12","first-page":"2552","volume":"41","author":"R. Niu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Niu, R., Yang, J., Xing, L., and Wu, R., Micro-expression recognition algorithm based on convolutional block attention module and dual path networks, Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, vol. 41, no. 9, p. 2552.","journal-title":"Journal of Computer Applications"},{"key":"7951_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aiia.2023.08.002","volume":"9","author":"S.H. Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, S.H., Fernandes, S.L., Zhu, Z., Zhang, Y.D., Aggrey, S.E., Yang, X., Oladeinde, A., Qiao, Y., and Chai, L., Detecting broiler chickens on litter floor with the YOLOv5-CBAM deep learning model, Artif. Intell. Agric., 2023, vol. 9, pp. 36\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aiia.2023.08.002","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Agric."},{"key":"7951_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.54216\/jaim.060204","volume":"6","author":"F.H. Rizk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rizk, F.H., Arkhstan, S., Zaki, A.M., Kandel, M.A., and Towfek, S.K., Integrated CNN and waterwheel plant algorithm for enhanced global traffic detection, Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Metaheuristics, 2023, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 36\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54216\/jaim.060204","journal-title":"Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Metaheuristics"},{"key":"7951_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.53469\/jtpes.2023.03(12).06","volume":"3","author":"B. Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu, B., Zhao, X., Hu, H., Lin, Q., and Huang, J., Detection of esophageal cancer lesions based on CBAM faster R-CNN, Journal of Theory and Practice of Engineering Science, 2023, vol. 3, no. 12, pp. 36\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53469\/jtpes.2023.03(12).06","journal-title":"Journal of Theory and Practice of Engineering Science"},{"key":"7951_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15750","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3245023","volume":"11","author":"A. Ijaz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ijaz, A., Raza, B., Kiran, I., Waheed, A., Raza, A., Shah, H., and Aftan, S., Modality specific CBAM-VGGNet model for the classification of breast histopathology images via transfer learning, IEEE Access, 2023, vol. 11, pp.\u00a015750\u201315762. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2023.3245023","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"7951_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-021-2483-2","volume":"41","author":"Y.-Y. Duan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Duan, Y.-Y., Liu, P.-R., Huo, T.-T., Liu, S.-X., Ye, S., and Ye, Z.-W., Application and development of intelligent medicine in traditional Chinese medicine, Curr. Med. Sci., 2021, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 1116\u20131122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11596-021-2483-2","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Sci."},{"key":"7951_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1504\/ijmei.2022.125310","volume":"14","author":"P. Pahadiya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pahadiya, P., Vijay, R., Gupta, K.K., Saxena, Sh., and Tandon, R., Contactless non-invasive method to identify abnormal tongue area using K-mean and problem identification in COVID-19 scenario, Int. J. Med. Eng. Inf., 2022, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 379\u2013390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1504\/ijmei.2022.125310","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Eng. Inf."},{"key":"7951_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1109\/les.2022.3160281","volume":"14","author":"M.Z.M. Shamim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shamim, M.Z.M., Hardware deployable edge-AI solution for prescreening of oral tongue lesions using TinyML on embedded devices, IEEE Embedded Syst. Lett., 2022, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 183\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/les.2022.3160281","journal-title":"IEEE Embedded Syst. Lett."},{"key":"7951_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7853","DOI":"10.1109\/tii.2022.3149939","volume":"18","author":"Ch. Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang, Ch., Zhang, G., Chen, S., and De Albuquerque, V.H.C., An intelligent multisampling tensor model for oral cancer classification, IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf., 2022, vol. 18, no. 11, pp. 7853\u20137861. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tii.2022.3149939","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf."}],"container-title":["Automatic Control and Computer Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3103\/S0146411626700069.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.3103\/S0146411626700069","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3103\/S0146411626700069.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T16:25:46Z","timestamp":1782145546000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.3103\/S0146411626700069"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["7951"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3103\/s0146411626700069","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-4116","1558-108X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-4116","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-108X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 May 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 June 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 June 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors of this work declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"CONFLICT OF INTEREST"}}]}}